义马煤矿矸石山植被恢复土地适宜性评价  

Land suitability evaluation of vegetation restoration of coal-gangue pile in Yima Area

作　　者：刘龙昌[1] 宋蒙亚[2] 徐国瑞[3] 孟甫[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学林学院,河南洛阳471003 [2]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,江苏南京210095 [3]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085

出　　处：《福建林学院学报》2012年第1期70-75,共6页Journal of Fujian College of Forestry

基　　金：河南科技大学科学研究基金资助项目(2007ZY025);义煤集团煤矸石山生态恢复研究基金资助项目(2008B1202)

摘　　要：以义马煤矿矸石山为研究对象,选取pH值、土层厚度、有机质、田间持水量、稳渗率、容重、总孔隙度和植被盖度8个评价指标,采用主成分分析法确定权重,采用加权和法计算土壤质量综合指数值(SQI),对不同排矸年限和有无人工干预的矸石山进行植被恢复土地适宜性评价。结果表明:随排矸年限的增加,土壤的植被恢复适宜性增加;人工种植具有改良土壤作用的树种(如刺槐)能够显著加快矸石山土壤改良过程,植被恢复适宜性显著好于没有人工干预的煤矸石山;边坡不稳定,植物难以定居,植被恢复适宜性最差,应采取措施稳固边坡。Land suitability evaluation is the premise and basis for vegetation restoration of coal-gangue pile. Using the principal component analysis method to fix on the weight of the indexes and weighted index summation method to calculate the soil integrated quality index （SQI）, the suitability for vegetation restoration in each site unit with different dumping years and under artificial interference or otherwise was studied in coal-gangue pile of Yima Area, Henan Province. In this paper 8 factors including soil pH, soil thickness, organic matter, field water-holding capacity, steady infiltration rates, soil hulk density, soil total porosity and vegetation coverage were selected as evaluation indexes. The results indicated that： the vegetation restoration suitability of the unit with more dumping years was better than that with less dumping years; planting trees （ such as Robinia pseudoacacia） could significantly accelcrate the soil improvement process and the vegetation restoration suitability was superior to that in the coal-gangue pile under no artificial interference. Since plants were difficult to grow owing to the instability of slope, the vegetation restoration suitability was the worst. Thus measures should he taken to make the slope secure.

关 键 词：适宜性评价 煤矸石山 植被恢复 土壤质量综合指数值 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学] F301.24[经济管理—产业经济]