盐沼植物对石油污染滩涂微生物群落特性的影响  

SALINA PLANT’S INFLUENCE ON THE COMMUNITIES CHARACTERISTICS OF MICROBIAL IN TIDELAND POLLUTED BY THE PETROLEUM

作　　者：朱鸣鹤[1] 朱文材[1] 庞艳华[2] 俞徐波[1] 牛程飞[1] 黄绍堂 严小军[1] 丁德文[4] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学,宁波315211 [2]辽宁出入境检验检疫局,大连116001 [3]宁波市出入境检验检疫局,宁波315012 [4]国家海洋局第一海洋研究所海洋生态环境科学与工程国家海洋局重点实验室,青岛266061

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2011年第6期874-879,共6页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：宁波市自然科学基金项目;2006A610080号;2007A610056号;宁波市海洋渔业局项目;9-19号;2006.09-2009.09;宁波大学科研基金项目;XK200562号;XY0600062号;宁波大学人才引进项目;2005.10-2007.10;宁波市4321人才工程项目;2007.03-2011.03;王宽诚教育基金会资助;2011-2012;浙江省教育厅项目;Y201017988号;宁波市政府湿地调查项目;201102号;宁波市学科项目;szx11064号

摘　　要：野外定期采样分析植物生长区根际沉积物和无植物生长区域对应深度的沉积物,研究了海三棱藨草对石油污染滩涂根际沉积物中微生物种群特点、生长条件和脱氢酶活性的影响。结果表明,无论植物是否存在,一般细菌数量均在春季或夏季达到高值。黄杆菌和假单胞菌在春季达到最高值,微球菌和无色杆菌在夏季达到最高值,而在秋季或冬季达到最低值;微球菌和假单胞菌在冬季达到最低值,黄杆菌和无色杆菌在秋季达到最低值。并且在植物存在的条件下,微生物的数量均比无植物存在时提高1—2个数量级;植物使混合菌的生长条件发生改变,使其能适应更恶劣的微观环境(pH6.5,耐受温度为36℃),且其达到最大生长量的时间降低至30h,同时脱氢酶的活性提高2—3倍。The Scirpus mariqueter＇s influences on microbe communities characteristics, growth conditions and dehydrogenase activity of rhizosphere sediment in tideland polluted by petroleum were researched, depending on field periodical sampling for sediment of plant zone and no plant zone. The results showed that the microbe quantities generally reached to the top values in spring or summer, whether the plant was in existence or not. For example, Flavobacterium and Pseudomonas reached the top value in spring, but Micrococcu and Achromobacter did in summer, furthermore, they reached to the lowest value in autumn or winter. Micrococcus and Pseudomonas reached the lowest values in winter, whereas Flavobacterium and Achromobacter did in autumn. The microbe quantities boosted 1 or 2 order of magnitude in the condition of plant existence, compared to no plant existence. The plant changed the growth conditions of mixed bacteria, which forced them to adapt to worse microcosmic environment （pH 6.5, temperature 36℃）, reduce time of the biggest growth quantity to 30 hours, and enhance 2--3 times of dehydrogenase activity.

关 键 词：海三棱藨草 盐沼植物 石油污染 根际沉积物 微生物群落特性 

分 类 号：X174[环境科学与工程—环境科学]