空间诱变因素对不同粳稻基因型的生物学效应研究  

BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF SPACE MUTAGENIC FACTORS ON DIFFERENT GENOTYPIC JAPONICA RICE

作　　者：徐建龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省农业科学院原子能利用研究所,浙江杭州310021

出　　处：《核农学报》2000年第1期56-60,共5页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"863"计划航天领域资助

摘　　要：研究结果表明,空间搭载种子的发芽率、存苗率和结实率均低于对照,对秧苗的生长表现出刺激和抑制两种作用,生理损伤比地面γ射线处理的轻得多,个别品种M1 代出现了谷粒颜色的突变。M2 代在株高和抽穗期等性状上出现了较大的分离,突变频率和诱变效率因不同基因型材料差异较大,而且一些性状的突变具有一定的方向性。经同一材料的空间和γ射线辐照处理比较,其突变频率和诱变效率因不同的突变性状存在着一定的差异。在空间处理的M2 代就出现较多综合性状优良的突变体,可望直接育成新品种。The results showed that space flight led to the decline in germination percentage, seedling survival rate and seed setting rate of Japonica rice when compared with the check, and had facilitating or inhibiting effects on seedling growth. Physiological damage after space flight was much smaller than that treated with γ ray irradiation. Some cultivars showed the segregations of grain color in the M 1 generation. More stronger segregation of characters such as plant height and heading date appeared in the M 2 generation. Mutation frequency(MF) and mutagenic efficiency(ME)varied with different genotype. After treatment with the same cultivar by space flight and γ ray, MF and ME varied with different mutation characters. However, many mutants with desirable agronomic characters were obtained in M 2 generation and were probably to be bred as a new cultivar by selection.

关 键 词：空间诱变 基因型 突变频率 诱变效率 粳稻 育种 

分 类 号：S511.220.1[农业科学—作物学]