老年人用药风险分析  

Analysis of Medication Risks in Aged Patients

作　　者：李倩[1] 冯端浩[1] 李国栋[1] 刘蔚[1] 赵冠人[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军第309医院药剂科,北京100091

出　　处：《中国医院用药评价与分析》2012年第2期175-179,共5页Evaluation and Analysis of Drug-use in Hospitals of China

摘　　要：目的:通过分析解放军第309医院门诊65岁以上老年人用药情况及存在的风险问题,为促进老年人临床用药安全提供参考。方法:利用我院自行编制的处方评价系统,对我院2009年10月1日—2010年9月30日年门诊老年人所有处方的用药信息进行评价,分析门诊老年人处方用药品种数及药物利用情况;参考我院自行编制的药学信息智能提示系统,统计分析老年人所用1 208种药品的说明书中有关老年人用药内容的标注情况、常用药品类别的处方数及其说明书对老年人用药的标注情况。结果:共统计患者170 251例,处方总计531 179张,老年人为14 934例,处方数为96 712张,占处方总数的18.21%。老年人处方药物使用率由高到低依次为中成药、注射剂、抗菌药物、中药注射剂。老年人用药种类繁多,平均每张处方用药3.03种,最少1种,最多21种。1 208种涉及药品中,581种药品说明书中标注了老年人用药(包括用法、用量及注意事项),占48.10%;256种药品说明书对老年人使用表达不明确,占21.19%;371种药品说明书无老年人用药项内容,占30.71%。使用率最高的中成药中,只有20种药品说明书标注了老年人用药,仅占5.70%。根据药理作用划分药物类型,循环系统用药处方32 498张,占老年人处方总数的33.6%,涉及药品94种,仅66种药品说明书标注了老年人用药,标注率为70.21%。结论:老年人用药种类繁多,易导致不良反应的发生,应引起医护人员的高度关注。同时,部分药品说明书中老年人用药项目仍存在缺失,给老年人用药带来严重的安全隐患,需要药品监督部门及生产部门进一步将药品说明书规范化、合理化、准确化,药师也应做好药学服务,保障老年人用药安全有效。OBJECTIVE：To probe into the drug use in the aged patients（above 60 years） in the 309th Hospital of PLA and the risks involved in drug use so as to provide references for promoting clinical safe drug use.METHODS： The self-made prescription evaluation system in our hospital was employed to evaluate the drug utilization data of all the prescriptions of aged outpatients（from Oct.1,2009 to Sep.30,2010） including drug varieties and drug utilization.The self-made pharmacy information intelligent prompt system in our hospital was used for statistical analysis of the labelling of drug use for aged people in package inserts of all 1 208 kinds of drugs used by aged people,and the number of prescriptions of common drug categories and the labelling on drug use for aged patients in the package inserts of the common category of drugs.RESULTS： A total of 170 251 cases and 531 179 prescriptions were collected,with 14 934 aged cases and 96 712 prescriptions for aged patients,accounting for 18.21% of total prescriptions.The drugs prescribed for aged people in our hospital ranked in descending order in terms of medication frequency were traditional Chinese patent medicine,injections,antimicrobial drugs and traditional Chinese medicine injection.An average of 3.03 drugs（ranging from 1 to 21） were prescribed per prescription.Of the total 1 208 drugs involved,581（48.10%） had labeling of drug use（including dosage and administration and cautions） for aged people;256（21.19%） had ambiguous statement regarding drug use for aged people,and 371（30.71%） had no labeling of drug use for aged people.Of all the Chinese patent drugs that topping the list in terms of medication frequency,only 20（5.70%） had labeling of drug use for aged people.Classification by pharmacologic action,32 498（representing 33.6% of all the prescriptions for old people） were prescriptions of drugs for cardiovascular system in which 94 drugs were involved,with only 66（70.21%） had labelling of drug use for aged people.CONCLUSION�

关 键 词：老年人 用药风险分析 药品说明书 

分 类 号：R97[医药卫生—药品]