东江草鱼标志放流技术研究  

Releasing techniques of Ctenopharyngodon idellus Juveniles in Dongjiang River

作　　者：罗新[1,2] 张其中[1] 崔淼[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学水生生物研究所热带亚热带水生态工程教育部工程研究中心,广州510632 [2]江西省信丰中学,信丰341600

出　　处：《生态科学》2011年第6期575-580,601,共7页Ecological Science

基　　金：东江水生态系统健康监测;维持技术研究与应用示范(20092X07211-009)

摘　　要：东江放流草鱼的全长为(18.2±2.0)cm,体长为(14.8±1.6)cm。在标记前进行草鱼食性转化驯养。试验采用两种标志方法对草鱼进行标记,第一种方法用直径为0.14 mm的铜丝把椭圆形塑料标志牌(8mm×5mm×1mm)挂在草鱼背鳍第一和第二支鳍骨间缝隙处,第二种方法剪除左侧腹鳍。标记后需进行为期10 d的暂养,使其穿刺部位愈合。总共放流草鱼10万尾,其中标志草鱼4万尾(挂牌标记1万尾,切腹鳍标记3万尾),标志草鱼占放流草鱼总数的40%,放流后1个多月时间内,总共回捕放流草鱼881尾,其中标志草鱼278尾,标志草鱼占回捕放流草鱼总数的百分率(标志率)为31.6%,总回捕率为0.695%。同时,食性分析发现放流草鱼已摄食江中水草和水葫芦的根,并带进一些藻类,饱食度高(4～5级),表明其在1个多月时间内完全适应了江中环境,放流效果好,标志放流技术可行。该技术要点:(1)放流草鱼的体长在11～17 cm范围内,既适于作切腹鳍标志,又适合作挂牌标记,其挂牌位置为背鳍肌肉内第一与第二支鳍骨间缝隙:(2)标记后需要经过约10 d的暂养治疗使伤口愈合;(3)放流前应作2周的食性转化训练,从吃饲料转变为吃草;(4)在水草茂盛的江段放流有利于放流草鱼尽快找到食物,较快适应环境,提高成活率。The grass carps （Ctenopharyngodon idellus） with average body length of 14.8 cm and average body weight of 65.9 g were released in Dongjiang River. Before the tagging experiment, the grass carps fed with artificial feed were acclimated to aquatic grasses. Two tagging methods were employed. One was tagging with elliptic plastic tags （8 mm×5 mm× 1 mm） with brass wires with the diameter of 0.14 mm, which drilled through the interstice between the first and second dorsal fin pterygiophore. The other one was clipping the left ventral fin of grass carps. The tagged grass carps were recovered from tagging trauma for about 10 days in a pool. One hundred thousand grass carps were released, and forty thousand of them were tagged, presenting 40% of the released grass carps. About one month after the release, 881 grass carps were recaptured, among which 278 were the tagged ones. The percentage of tagged grass carps recaptured was 31.6% in the total recaptured grass carps, and the recapture rate was 0.695%. The food residues in the digestive tube of recaptured grass carps were aquatic plants including hyacinth roots and some kinds of algae commonly found in Linjiang section of Dongjiang River. The results indicated that released grass carps were completely acclimated in the river environment, and that the tagging and releasing techniques established in this study were effective and applicable. The keys of such techniques were as follows. （1） The tagged grass carps with a body length of 11-17 cm can be clipped at a ventral fm or tagged with elliptic plastic tags （8 mm×5 mm × 1 mm） with brass wires with the diameter of 0.14 mm, drilling through the interstice between the first and second dorsal fin pterygiophore. （2） The tagged grass carps should experience a 10-day trauma treatment. （3）The grass carps fed with artificial feed pellets should be acclimated to grasses for two weeks before releasing into the river. （4） The river sections with abounding aqua-plants are suitable places for the releasin

关 键 词：草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus) 标志放流技术 东江 

分 类 号：S931.9[农业科学—渔业资源]