低温冷藏对玛草蛉卵与蛹发育的影响  

Impact of low-temperature refrigeration on the eggs and pupae development of Mallada sp.

作　　者：李水泉[1,2] 黄寿山[1] 韩诗畴[2] 李志刚[2] 叶静文[2] 张英杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学资源环境学院昆虫学系,广州510642 [2]广东省昆虫研究所,广州510260

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2011年第4期478-481,共4页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项项目(200803023);公益性行业(农业)科研专项项目(201103026)

摘　　要：玛草蛉Mallada sp.是一种有望商品化开发利用的重要捕食性天敌昆虫。大量保存及远距离运输的技术,是天敌昆虫商品化开发的关键技术。研究了低温冷藏(T=10℃、RH=75%±5%)对草蛉卵、蛹生长发育的影响。结果表明:低温冷藏卵比对照卵(温度T=25±1℃、相对湿度RH=75%±5%、光照L:D=16:8)的发育历期极显著缩短,冷藏60d后,卵不能孵化;低温冷藏卵比对照卵的孵化率极显著降低,冷藏30d后,孵化率仅为8.15%,降低64.52%。蛹冷藏5d与对照蛹的发育历期差异不显著,低温冷藏10d以上的蛹比对照蛹的发育历期极显著缩短,冷藏60d后,蛹的发育历期比对照短6.90d;低温冷藏蛹比对照蛹的羽化率极显著降低,冷藏60d后也能够发育,但羽化率低,仅为23.33%。综合卵和蛹冷藏后的发育历期、存活率,可以认为卵的最佳冷藏天数为10d,蛹的最佳冷藏天数为30d。结果显示,玛草蛉蛹期是较好的低温冷藏虫态,以其蛹作为保存与远距离运输的虫态,可以满足玛草蛉商品化贮藏和运输要求。Mallada sp. is an important insect predator, which is expected for commercial utilization. Massive preservation for long - distance transportation is a key technique. The influence of low - temper- ature （T = 10℃, RH = 75% ± 5% ） refrigeration on the growth and development of lacewing eggs and pupae was studied. Tile results showed that the developmental duration of eggs by low - temperature re- frigeration was significantly （p 〈0.01） shorter than the control＇s （T=25 ±1℃, RH =75% ±5%, L： D = 16： 8）. And the eggs didn＇t hatch after being stored for 60 days. Moreover, the hatching rate of stored eggs was significantly lower than the control＇s. After being stored for 30 days, the hatching rate was only 8.15% , 64.52% lower. Compared with the control, the developmental duration of refrigerated pupae was not significantly shorter stored for 5 clays but for more than 10 days. For pupae to be stored for 60 days, the development time was 6.09 days shorter than the control＇s. The emergence rate of refrigera- ted pupae was significantly lower than the controls. For 60 days, the refrigerated pupae could develop, but the emergence rate was only 23.33%. Overall, the best refrigerated days of eggs were 10 days, while that of pupae were 30 days. And pupa was the better development stage to be stored than that of egg. To use the pupae as the storage stage for massive preservation and long - distance transportation could meet the commercial storage and transport requirements.

关 键 词：玛草蛉 低温冷藏 发育历期 孵化率 羽化率 

分 类 号：Q968.1[生物学—昆虫学]