评测车用钢动态变形吸能特性的试验方法  

A method to determine the features of energy absorption for automotive steels during dynamic deformation

作　　者：方健[1,2] 周冶东[2] 王磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北大学材料与冶金学院,沈阳110819 [2]宝山钢铁股份有限公司研究院(技术中心),上海201900

出　　处：《塑性工程学报》2012年第1期92-96,102,共6页Journal of Plasticity Engineering

摘　　要：文章研究了一种基于摆锤式仪器化冲击试验机所开发的,针对汽车用钢板实施中等应变速率冲击拉伸加载的试验方法,并以此获得了DC04、DC56、H220、TRIP700和DP780的动态响应特性与加载应力-应变关系。研究表明,以铁素体软钢为典型的速率敏感材料,随着其应变速率的提高,材料强度增加,而塑性受到抑制。TRIP钢的性能与加载速率无明显相关特性,其力学性能在静态与动态条件下相对稳定。DP780钢的强度与塑性在动态加载条件下得到同步提升。此外,通过将冲击拉伸破断能转化为应力与应变的积分,试验获得的E10%与Euniform及Et能量指标,可定量分析汽车用钢碰撞时变形与吸能的相关特性,成为评价车用钢减重与安全的纽带。试验表明,随着材料强度级别的提升,其动态吸能特性得以成比例升高。同时,由E10%与Euniform指标构成的能量安全裕度,揭示出TRIP钢具有最为优异的动态变形吸能潜质。An intermediate impact tensile method had been established on the basis of a pendulum impact machine to investigate the dynamic performance of the typical automotive sheet steels,including DC04 DC56 H220 TRIP700 and DP780.The obtained dynamic results show that the ferrite soft steels are sensitive to the loading rate and confined by the δ-ε balance law,and the TRIP steel is less dependent to the strain rate,while the Dual Phase steel is positively influenced with the simultaneous promotion of dynamic strength and ductility.In addition,by subdividing the absorbed impact tensile rupture energy into the integration of stress against strain,the dynamic energy toughness parameters E10%,Euniform and Et had been acquired to evaluate the correlation between energy absorption and material deformation during collision,and can be used for assessing the weight reduction and safety assurance of automotive steel.Results show that the dynamic toughness increase with the increase of materials strength level,and the large energy safety allowance formed within E10% and Euniform,reveal that the TRIP steel has the best potential in the energy absorption during clash deformation.

关 键 词：动态加载 中等应变速率 能量吸收 冲击拉伸 先进高强钢 

分 类 号：U465.11[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]