急重症精神障碍患者入院并发低血钾的临床分析  

Clinical Analysis of Patients with Acute and Severe Mental Disorders Complicated with Hypokalemia

作　　者：申文武[1] 陈娟[1] 邓佳辉[1] 卓瑜[1] 范瑜[1] 况伟宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西医院精神卫生中心,成都610041

出　　处：《四川大学学报（医学版）》2012年第2期297-299,共3页Journal of Sichuan University(Medical Sciences)

摘　　要：目的探讨精神障碍急重症患者入院时低血钾的发生情况及特点,并分析相关影响因素。方法对2009年6月至2010年5月入住我院精神科的815例急重症患者入院后常规急查血钾浓度,分为低血钾组与非低血钾组,并进行两组间一般资料的调查比较。结果 815例入院急重症患者中并发低血钾177例(21.72%);低血钾组与非低血钾组的年龄、性别、入院季节、饮食情况、是否合并躯体疾病及入院诊断分布差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),精神运动情况分布差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Spearman秩相关分析发现年龄与低血钾的发生呈负相关(r=-0.55,P=0.00)。多因素分析结果发现女性、饮食情况差及合并躯体疾病是低血钾发生的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论精神障碍急重症患者入院时并发低血钾机率较高,应建立筛查表格,对高危患者急查血钾浓度,及时纠正低血钾,进而规避急性期临床用药风险。Objective To study the occurrence and characteristics of hypokalemia to the patients with acute and severe mental disorders,and analyze its influencing factors.Methods There were 815 patients with actue and severe mental disorder admitted into our psychiatry department from June 2009 to May 2010,who all received the examination of potassium concentration routinely at the admission.The patients were divided into hypokalemia group and non-hypokalemia group,and the clinical information were surveyed and compared between the two groups to find out the influencing factors of hypokalemia.Results There were 177 patients with hypokalemia,and the proportion was 21.72%.Between the two groups,the difference of age,sex,admission season,whether with physical diseases and diagnosis were statistically significant（P0.05）,while spiritual movement situation was not significant different（P0.05）.Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that the incidence of hypokalemia was negatively correlated with age（r=-0.55,P=0.00）.Furthermore,multivariate analysis found that women,poor diet and physical disease were risk factors of hypolalemia（P0.05）.Conclusion There is relatively high probability of hypokalemia occurrence to the patients with acute and severe mental disorders,which should be distinguished and treated at the admission timely.

关 键 词：精神重症监护病房 急重症精神障碍 低血钾 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]