赤泥施用量对Cd污染稻田水稻产量和土壤生物性状的影响  

Effect of Application on Different Amount of Red Mud on Rice Yield and Soil Biological Properties in Cd-contaminated Paddy Soil

作　　者：范美蓉[1,2] 罗琳[1] 廖育林[1,3] 田杰[1] 胡波[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学资源与环境学院,长沙410128 [2]长沙环境保护职业技术学院,长沙410004 [3]湖南省土壤肥料研究所,长沙410125

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2011年第6期181-185,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50874046);湖南教育厅科技项目(08A032)

摘　　要：采用盆栽试验方法,以不施赤泥为对照,分析不同赤泥施用量对Cd污染稻田水稻产量和土壤生物性状的影响。结果表明,施适宜用量赤泥能提高水稻有效穗和促进水稻生长,实现水稻增产,与不施赤泥处理相比,RM-2处理(0.5%赤泥)的水稻株高、有效穗、结实率和水稻产量分别提高了3.40%,4.20%,3.87%和6.86%。从分蘖期到成熟期,施用赤泥处理各生育期的水稻土微生物量碳、氮明显高于对照RM-0处理的。其中,RM-2处理(0.5%赤泥)各时期水稻土微生物量C(SMBC)、微生物量N(SMBN)都明显高于RM-0处理的(P<0.01)。施用赤泥处理的稻田土壤细菌、真菌和放线菌数量多数情况下高于对照RM-0处理的。RM-2处理土壤细菌、真菌和放线菌菌群数量多数情况下高于其他处理的。RM-2处理土壤脲酶活性、酸性磷酸酶活性和过氧化氢酶活性均为最高,分别比RM-0处理的提高了10.5%,32.4%和15.9%,且两处理间差异均达到显著水平(P<0.05)。与RM-0处理相比,施用赤泥各处理pH和阳离子交换量均有不同程度增加,但有机质的变化不明显。0.5%(W/W)的赤泥施用量较其他施用量有利于改善Cd污染水稻土生物性状,提高土壤肥力,增加水稻产量。A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of application of different amount of red mud on rice yield and the soil biological properties in Cd-polluted paddy soil, with no red mud application as the con- trol （RM-0）. The results indicated that appropriate application of red mud could apparently promote rice growth and increase effective panicles and rice yield. With no red mud application as the control （RM-0）, plant height, effective panicles, seed setting rate and rice yield in RM-2 treatment （0.5% red mud） were in- creased by 3.40%, 4.20%, 3.87% and 6.86%, respectively. Soil microbial biomass carbon （SMBC） and ni- trogen （SMBN） in the treatments with the red mud application were significantly higher than that in the RM- 0 treatment from tillering to mature stages of the rice. The Cmo and Nmic of RM-2 treatment were higher than that of RM-0 treatment in all stages of the growth period of the rice （P〈0.01）. The amount of soil bacteria, fungi and aetinomyces in treatments with red mud application were higher than that in RM-0 treatment. The amount of soil bacteria, fungi and actinomyces in RM-2 treatment were higher than those of the treatments. The activity of soil urease, acid phosphatase and catalase in RM-2 treatment was highest among the treat- ments, and was increased by 10.5%, 32.4% and 15.9% compared with RM-0 treatment, respectively （P〈 0.05）. The pH and CEC in the treatments with red mud application were obviously increased compared with that in RM-0 treatment. The soil organic matter did not change obviously among all of the treatments. Thus, it could be concluded that 0.5%（W/W） of red mud application performed best in improving soil bio- logical properties and soil fertility and increasing rice yield in Cd-contaminated paddy soil.

关 键 词：赤泥 Cd污染稻田 土壤微生物量 土壤微生物 土壤酶活性 土壤肥力 

分 类 号：S154.2[农业科学—土壤学] S158.4[农业科学—农业基础科学]