隔沟交替灌溉对我国半干旱地区马铃薯水分利用的影响  

Effect of Partial Root-zone Drying on Potato Water Utilization on Semi-arid Conditions in China

作　　者：谢开云[1] 王晓雪[1] 张若芳[2] 巩秀峰[2] 张世彪 MARES Victor GAVILAN Carla POSADAS Adolfo QUIROZ Roberto 

机构地区：[1]国际马铃薯中心北京办事处,北京100081 [2]内蒙古大学,内蒙古呼和浩特010020 [3]甘肃省农业局,甘肃兰州730000 [4]国际马铃薯中心

出　　处：《中国马铃薯》2012年第1期5-10,共6页Chinese Potato Journal

基　　金：马铃薯和甘薯生产体系下的水分管理策略(CIP项目编号:520104)~~

摘　　要：隔沟交替灌溉(Partial root-zone drying,PRD)被认为是一种节水灌溉的方法,它可以提高多种作物的水分利用率。本研究开展于我国甘肃与内蒙两个半干旱马铃薯种植区,比较常规灌溉与隔沟交替灌溉对马铃薯产量和水分利用率的影响。结果表明,由于两个试验点的气候条件与土壤条件不同,所以马铃薯产量存在显著的差异。但是在两试验点中,PRD50处理(隔沟交替灌溉,灌水量为经验灌水量的1/2)的产量与常规灌溉处理(C100,经验灌水量)的产量没有显著的差别,水分利用率却显著提高。研究显示,运用合理的灌溉方式,可以在保证产量不变的基础上节省用水量。另外,在易发生干旱的地区,选用适合的品种,同时采用覆膜技术对于增加马铃薯产量有着重要的作用。Partial root-zone drying （PRD） irrigation method was considered as a water-saving irrigation method which could increase the water use efficiency for many crops. To compare the partial root-zone drying as an alternative to the conventional irrigation method used in semi-arid potato producing areas in China and its impact on tuber yield and water use efficiency, field trials were conducted in Gansu and in Inner Mongolia where water was the main constraint to potato production. Due to different soil types and rainfalls, the yield of potatoes in two locations varied remarkably. However, the yield of PRD using half amount of water as conventional irrigation was very close to the yields of the full conventional irrigation method in the two locations. The results showed that water could be dramatically reduced in Inner Mongolia and Gansu without affecting the tuber yields by proper irrigation management. Results also supported the fact that the use of plastic mulching and a variety selected for drought-prone environments could increase the potato yield.

关 键 词：马铃薯 隔沟交替灌溉 半干旱地区 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学] S342.1