南沙群岛渚碧礁海域造礁石珊瑚群落特征  

Scleractinian coral community characteristics in Zhubi reef sea area of Nansha Islands

作　　者：黄晖[1,2] 张成龙[1,2] 杨剑辉[1,2] 尤丰[1,2] 练健生[2] 谭烨辉[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海南热带海洋生物实验站,海南三亚572000 [2]中国科学院海洋生物资源可持续利用重点实验室,广东广州510301

出　　处：《台湾海峡》2012年第1期79-84,共6页Journal of Oceanography In Taiwan Strait

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新项目资助项目(kzcx2-yw-227);国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2006BAB19B03;2009BAB44B01);国家海洋局公益性资助项目(201005012-6);国家自然科学基金国家(地区)合作与交流资助项目(40931160437);中国科技部科技基础性工作专项资助项目(2008FY110100)

摘　　要：根据2007年5月的调查资料,对南沙群岛渚碧礁海域造礁石珊瑚的群落结构、种类组成、覆盖率和死亡率等进行了分析研究.鉴定出的造礁石珊瑚有74种,其中鹿角珊瑚科(Acroporidae)种类最多.渚碧礁海域造礁石珊瑚群落澙湖内外差别较大,澙湖内造礁石珊瑚覆盖率和健康状况明显优于澙湖外,但是两者的死亡率都较高.礁坪和澙湖的优势种不同且优势度较高(优势度>40%),其中细柱滨珊瑚(Porites cylindrica)在澙湖内占主导地位(优势度:47.20%),而澙湖外以疣状杯形珊瑚(Pocillopora verrucosa)为主导(优势度:54.88%).造礁石珊瑚大量死亡的原因可能是自然因素和人类活动共同造成的,必须加以关注.The community structure, species composition, coverage, and mortality of scleractinian coral around Zhubi reef sea area of Nansha Islands were studied during the cruise in May,2007. Seventyfour species of scleractinian coral had been identified in this study, among them staghorn coral species had the highest abundance. The communities of scleractinian coral differed significantly between inside and outside lagoon. Although the corals in lagoon had better coverage and was healthier than those outside the lagoon, they all suffered high mortalities. While Porites cylindrical dominated the most in the lagoon （ dominance 47.20% ） Pocillopora verrucosa dominated at the slope （ dominance 54.88 % ）. In our opinion, mass mortalities of reef corals, which should be paid much attentions, might have resulted from the combined impacts of nature and human beings.

关 键 词：海洋生物学 造礁石珊瑚 群落结构 优势种 渚碧礁 南海 

分 类 号：Q178.53[生物学—水生生物学]