氮营养配施稀效唑对马铃薯原种繁殖植株形态及产量和品质的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer with Uniconazole on Plant Morphology,Yield and Quality of Potato

作　　者：李崇秋 郑顺林[2] 李方安[2] 李德林 郭刚金 袁继超[2] 

机构地区：[1]汉源县农业局,四川汉源625300 [2]四川农业大学农学院马铃薯研究开发中心,四川温江611130 [3]宝兴县农业局,四川宝兴625700

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2012年第1期203-207,共5页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川省育种攻关配套项目(2006YZGG-28);四川省马铃薯良种繁育项目

摘　　要：采用盆栽及营养液培养方法,以脱毒原原种费乌瑞它为试验材料,研究了氮营养配施稀效唑对马铃薯植株形态、产量和品质的影响,为马铃薯原种高产高效繁殖提供技术支持。结果表明:①增施氮肥降低了根长、根鲜重,增加了叶面积、主茎鲜重、单薯重等指标,随着施氮量的增加,叶面积、主茎鲜重、单位叶面积重和单薯重都有较大幅度的增加。叶面喷施稀效唑对根长和根鲜重影响很小,对叶面积、主茎鲜重、单薯重、单位叶面积重有较大的影响。随着喷施浓度的提高,总叶面积重和单位叶面积重呈不断增高的趋势。②氮肥、稀效唑对马铃薯产量影响极显著,施氮与不施氮处理相比,产量增加了50.41%,喷施稀效唑产量增加了9.04%,随着施氮量及稀效唑喷施浓度的提高,产量呈先增加,后降低的变化趋势。增施氮肥和叶面喷施稀效唑,降低了块茎中淀粉的含量,增加了块茎可溶性糖和蛋白质的含量。随着施氮量和稀效唑喷施浓度的增大,淀粉含量呈下降的趋势,可溶性糖和蛋白质含量呈增长的趋势。Taking the potato of Favorita as tested material,the experiments of pot and nutrient solution were conducted to study the effects of nitrogen fertilizer with uniconazole on the plant morphology, yield and quality for providing technical support in potato high efficient cultivation.The results showed that（ⅰ）Increasing nitrogen fertilizer decreased the potato root length and root heavy,but increased leaf areas,the main stem fresh,the weight of per potato,with nitrogen increasing,the leaf areas,the main stem,leaf areas per unit had a large margin of increase.Spraying uniconazole on leaves had little effect on the root length and root heavy,but had great impact on the leaf areas,the main stem fresh,weight per potato,the leaves weight per unit.With the concentration of uniconazole increasing,the weight of total leaves and unit area constantly rose.（ⅱ）There were a significant effect of nitrogen fertiliser, uniconazole and their interaction on the potato yield.Compared with no nitrogen fertilizer and no spraying uniconazole,the output increased 50.41 % and 9.04 %,respectively.With the nitrogen fertilizer level and uniconazole concentration increasing,there was a increasing trend in potato output at first, then reducing.Increasing nitrogen fertilizer level and uniconazole concentration reduced the starch content in the potato tubes,but increased soluble sugar and protein content of tubers.With the nitrogen fertilizer level and uniconazole concentration further increasing,the starch content had a dropping stream,but soluble sugar and protein content of tubers had a growing trend.

关 键 词：马铃薯 氮营养 稀效唑 植株形态 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]