规模化牛场犊牛直肠细菌多样性分析  

Analysis of microbial diversity in rectum of calf in large-scale cattle farm

作　　者：许强[1,2] 康立超[1] 薄新文[1] 马勋[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农垦科学院,新疆兵团绵羊繁育生物技术重点实验室,石河子832000 [2]石河子大学动物科技学院,石河子832003

出　　处：《微生物学报》2012年第3期304-310,共7页Acta Microbiologica Sinica

摘　　要：【目的】研究腹泻犊牛直肠细菌多样性,以及与健康犊牛直肠细菌多样性的差异。【方法】通过建立直肠菌群16S rRNA基因克隆文库,分别用限制性内切酶MspⅠ和HhaⅠ对阳性克隆的PCR产物进行限制性酶切片段长度多态性(RFLP)分析,通过测定16S rRNA基因序列,绘制系统发育树,确定犊牛直肠菌群的组成。【结果】腹泻组克隆阳性率达98.75%(474/480),优势菌群以乳杆菌属(14%)、肠球菌属(10%)和埃希菌属(8%)等需氧和兼性厌氧菌为主,健康组克隆阳性率达96.45%(488/506),优势菌群以梭菌属(13%)、双歧杆菌属(8%)和巨型球菌属(5%)等专性厌氧菌为主。【结论】2周龄犊牛直肠菌群复杂多样,并且具有自己的独特性菌群,且腹泻时乳杆菌属、肠球菌属、埃希氏菌属等显著增加。[Objective] To analyze the diversity of bacterial community in rectum of diarrheic calves,and differences with health calves.[Methods] 16S rRNA clone libraries were constructed,positive clones were digested by Msp I and Hha I for restriction fragment length polymorphism（RFLP）,and then a phylogenetic tree was depicted based on the 16S rRNA sequencing,to confirm the compose of microbe in the diarrheic calf rectum.[Results] The positive rate of clone was 98.75%（474/480） in diarrheic calves,the dominant bacteria included Lactobacillus（14%）,Enterococcus（10%） and Escherichia（8%）.The positive rate of clone was 96.45%（488/506） in health samples,the dominant bacteria included Clostridium（13%）,Bifidobacterium（8%）,Megasphaera（5%）.[Conclusion] Complexity and diversity of bacterial community in rectum in 2 weeks old calves had their own features,and significant increase of Lactobacillus,Enterococcus and Escherichia was found in diarrhea calves.

关 键 词：犊牛直肠 微生物多样性 RFLP 16S RRNA序列 

分 类 号：S852.6[农业科学—基础兽医学]