逮捕审查制度的中国模式及其改革  

Chinese Mode of Examination System of Arrest and Its Reform

作　　者：刘计划[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学法学院

出　　处：《法学研究》2012年第2期122-142,共21页Chinese Journal of Law

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目"<国家人权行动计划>在刑事诉讼中的实施研究"(项目批准号:09YJC820111);中国法学会专项研究项目"完善中国特色社会主义法律体系研究"的资助

摘　　要："侦查中由人民检察院批准、决定逮捕",构成逮捕审查制度的中国模式,其理论基础是检察监督理论。定量分析表明,逮捕在我国刑事诉讼中被普遍适用,有违法定逮捕要件,对公正审判与有效辩护造成不利影响;定性分析表明,逮捕被普遍适用的根源在于,享有批准、决定逮捕权的检察机关实为追诉机关,其执行的实体标准、审查程序及"快捕快诉"的追诉性指导思想,挤压了取保候审等羁押替代措施的适用空间。解决逮捕普遍化问题,应依据"互相制约"的宪法原则确立法院审查模式,由法院统一行使逮捕决定权,即在检察机关初次审查的基础上,增加法院审查程序,以制约公安机关、检察机关行使的追诉权,更好地实现保障人权的刑事诉讼目的。According to the Article 37of the Constitutional Law of PRC, the examination system of criminal arrest with Chinese characteristic, i. e. , the People＇s Procuratorate approves and decides criminal arrest in the period of investigation and the People＇s Court decides criminal arrest in the period of trial, is conformed, whose theoretical foundation is the theory of procuratorate supervision. From 1998, as regards the question who should have the power to decide criminal arrest, there are very hot and concentrated arguments among the communities of criminal law science and procurators. Such arguments are not accidental, but the legal reform problem deriving from China amending the constitutional law and forwnrcling the peocedural justice.

关 键 词：逮捕 人身自由 程序正义 审查逮捕模式 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]