运筹学发展的回顾与展望  

Review and Prospect for the Development of Operations Research

作　　者：胡晓东[1] 袁亚湘[1] 章祥荪[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院数学与系统科学研究院,北京100190

出　　处：《中国科学院院刊》2012年第2期145-160,共16页Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences

摘　　要：运筹学是20世纪三四十年代发展起来的一门新兴交叉学科,它主要研究如何应用数学和计算的理论与方法对社会系统和工程系统做出最优或满意的决策。本文概述了运筹学的主要特征和方法,简述了运筹学的发展历程,综述了运筹学几个主要分支的发展状况,介绍了运筹学中十几个有代表性的难题,展望了运筹学未来发展的方向。Operations Research（OR） is an interdisciplinary subject emerged in 1930s.It mainly studies how to make optimal or satisfactory solutions through mathematical and computational theories and methods for social and engineering systems.In this paper,we first summarize the features and methodology of OR and make a brief review on the development of OR.Then,we survey the status of some main directions of this discipline along with some its typical open problems.In the end of the survey we prospect for the trend of OR in the future.

关 键 词：运筹学 建模 优化 算法 

分 类 号：C931.1[经济管理—管理学]