以生活污水中油脂为复合碳源的特性菌株筛选与降解效率研究  

Screening,Identification,and Characterization of a Lipid-Degrading Bacterium and Its Application to Lipid-containing Wastewater Treatment

作　　者：李文君[1,2] 郭勇 侯思琰[3] 黄强[1] 富可荣[3] 

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学水利水电学院,西安710048 [2]悔河流域水资源保护局,天津300170 [3]水利部海河水利委员会,天津300170

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2012年第3期580-586,共7页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2006CB403408);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2008ZX07209-010);水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(200901043-2)

摘　　要：为了构建一套高效率的污水处理体系,从污水样品中分离、筛选出一株对动植物油脂均具有较强降解能力的菌株JZZ2。在生理生化特性和16S rDNA序列系统发育分析的基础上,评价了该菌株对不同类型动植物油脂的降解能力,同时对其脂肪酶和生物表面活性剂活性进行了分析。研究发现,该菌株属于Pseudomonas aeruginosa,在含1%油脂的MS培养基中,30℃培养24h的Pseudomonas aeruginosa JZZ2对橄榄油、色拉油、芝麻油和牛油的降解率分别为72.4%、90.2%、82.3%和84.5%,同样条件下培养48h的Pseudomonas aeruginosa JZZ2脂肪酶活性为2200U·L-1,研究进一步发现油脂的添加能够促使其生物表面活性物质的产生。由此可见,Pseudomonas aeruginosa JZZ2对动植物油脂均具有较强的降解能力,能生成脂肪酶和生物表面活性物质是其具有油脂降解特性的主要原因之一。To construct an efficient lipidcontaining wastewater treatment system is an important method for the wastewater treatment in China. The microorganisms that degrade lipids efficiently were isolated from wastewater samples and lipiddegrading bacterial strain isolated from wastewater was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa by biochemical properties and 16S rRNA analysis. This study results showed ：The rate of degradation of olive oil, salad oil and beef tallow by Pseudomonas aeruginosa JZZ2 were 72.4%, 90.2%, 82.3% and 84.5%,respectively,during a 24 h cultivation at 30 ℃. Additionally the lipase and biosurfaetant（BSF） activities of strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa JZZ2 after a 48 h cultivation was 2 200 U·L^-1. Strain JZZ2 has the ability to efficiently degrade different vegetable and animal fats or oils that also include ediblelipid wastes. The activities of lipase and biosurfactant （BSF）are one of the main reasons for oil degradation characteristics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa JZZ2. Further, we discuss the progress made by this method to improving the lipid-containing wastewater treatment system.

关 键 词：油脂降解 铜绿单胞菌 生物表面活性剂 污水处理 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]