基于RS和GIS的城乡结合部景观格局动态演变分析——以济南市历城区为例  

RS and GIS-based Analysis on Dynamic Changes of Landscape Pattern in Urban-Rural Fringe

作　　者：张芬[1] 吴泉源[1] 张辉[1] 徐燕慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学人口资源与环境学院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2012年第9期5382-5385,5656,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金资助项目(Y2008E10);中德科技合作项目(2007DFB70200)

摘　　要：综合运用RS、GIS及景观生态学的理论和方法,对济南市历城区1993年TM、2001年ETM、2009年TM遥感影像进行分类,分析了研究区在类型和景观2个水平上的景观格局及其动态变化。结果表明:16年间,研究区的景观格局变化显著。①从斑块类型水平上看,耕地、林地和草地的面积不断减少,其中耕地面积减少最多,由1993年的488.15 km2减少到2009年的324.37 km2,减少了33.56%,斑块数目增多,破碎化程度增加,连接性降低;建设用地空间格局呈现扩展趋势,面积显著增加,增幅达147.05%,斑块结合度指数增大,连接性增强。②从景观总体水平上看,斑块个数、蔓延度指数、周长-面积分维数都呈下降的趋势,斑块形状趋于简单,香农多样性指数、香农均匀度指数、分离度指数都呈上升的趋势,景观异质化趋势上升。说明随着社会经济的迅猛发展,人类对景观空间格局的影响程度将不断加深。By using GIS, RS and landscape ecology, LandsatTM （ 1993 and 2009） and ETM （2001） remote sensing images of Licheng District of Ji＇ nan City, Shandong Province were interpreted, and dynamic changes of landscape pattern in the district were analyzed at the levels of category and landscape. The results showed that during the 16 years the landscape pattern in the district had changed significantly. （a） From the perspective of patch category, areas of cropland, woodland and grassland decreased unceasingly, and cropland accounted for thelargest reduction from 488.15 km^ in 1993 down to 324.37 km^ in 2009, witnessing a reduction of 33.56%. But the patch quantity and fragmentation increased, patch connectivity reduced. Spatial pattern of construction land expanded and its area witnessed a significant increase of 147.05%. Patch cohesion index increased and connectivity grew better. （b） From the perspective of overall landscape, patch quantity, contagion and perimeter - area fractal dimension decreased, patch shape beearne simple, the Shannon＇ s diversity index, Shannon＇ s evenness index and splitting index increased and landscape heterogeneity rose. With the rapid social and economic development, landscape pattern will be more and more influenced by human behaviors

关 键 词：景观格局 动态变化 GIS 济南市历城区 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学] Q149[生物学—生态学]