外生菌根对欧洲赤松苗(Pinussylvestris)Cu、Zn积累和分配的影响  

Accumulation and Distribution of Cu and Zn in Mycorrhizal Pinus sylvestris and Its Associated Ectomycorrhizal Fungus Suillus bovinus Exposed to Elevated Cu and Zn Concentrations in Cultivating Substrate

作　　者：黄艺[1] urban.pku.edu.cn 陶澍[1] urban.pku.edu.cn[1,1,1] 陈有鑑[1] urban.pku.edu.cn 张学青[1] urban.pku.edu.cn[1,1,1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学城市与环境学系

出　　处：《环境科学》2000年第2期1-6,共6页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金!资助项目39870611;国家杰出青年基金!资助项目:49525102

摘　　要：通过测定２种不同施锌和施铜水平下苗木和离体菌丝中铜锌含量，研究了接种外生菌根（Ｓｕｉｌｌｕｓｂｏｖｉｎｕｓ）对欧洲赤松（Ｐｉ－ｎｕｓｓｙｌｖｅｓｔｒｉｓ）苗生长和微量元素积累和分配的影响． 结果表明，菌丝的侵染增加了苗木生长，同时也增加了植物体内重金属的含量．然而，菌根植物中的重金属大部分分布在根部，在铜处理中菌根植物地下部分的铜含量是无菌根植物的２．６倍，在锌处理中锌是无菌根植物的１．３ 倍． 说明菌丝侵染使植物将过量的重金属滞留在根部，从而增加了植物对过量重金属的抗性．通过进一步测定培养在过量重金属中的离体菌丝的重金属含量，结果显示随着外界重金属浓度的增加，菌丝分泌物内重金属含量比菌丝内重金属含量增加快，说明滞留在根部的重金属可能并没有进入根系而是以某种形态滞留在菌丝分泌物和菌丝内．Seedlings of Pinus sylvestris infected with ectomycorrhizal fungi Suillus bovinus were exposed to various external Cu and Zn concentrations separately.The isolated ectomycorrhizal fungi Suillus bovinus were cultivated in the elevated Cu and Zn concentrations nutrient solution as well.The effects of mycorrhizal association on Cu and Zn accumulation and distribution within plant and in the isolated fungi mycelia culture(nutrient,mycelia and fungi slim)were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry.The results showed that mycorrhizal infection increased both biomass and contents of Cu and Zn of seedlings.However,excess Cu and Zn were accumulated in the root system.Treating with external Cu and Zn separately,Cu concentration was 2.6 times in the roots of mycorrhizal seedlings compared with non mycorrhizal ones and Zn was 1.3 times.These data indicated that mycorrhizal symbiosis increased the capacity of heavy metal depot in roots of host plant,therefore increased the tolerance of host plant to elevated heavy metal in environment.Determining the isolated fungi,the results showed that the contents of Cu and Zn were increased with the increasing of concentration of them in nutrient solution.Comparing with fungi mycelia,the increase of content of heavy metals in fungi mycelia slim was greater,that suggested that the heavy metals depot in root system probably were not translated into plant roots but sequestrated in fungi mycelia and mycelia slim.

关 键 词：重金属 菌根菌 菌根 欧洲赤松苗 铜 锌 

分 类 号：X132[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X503.235