普通话水平测试体裁难度层级探析  

A Preliminary Study on Genre Difficulty Hierarchy in PSC

作　　者：聂丹[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学汉语水平考试中心,北京100083

出　　处：《湖南大学学报（社会科学版）》2012年第2期103-106,共4页Journal of Hunan University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目"汉语口语测试任务难度研究"(11CYY027)

摘　　要：在命题说话式的口语测试中,体裁是影响被试表现和测试效度的重要因素,但相关研究非常缺乏。在四类体裁中,叙述体最容易,描述体其次,说明体再次,议论体最难;在六种体裁认知类型中,叙述过去、描述静态、叙述现在相对最容易,说明居中,而描述心理与议论最难。根据这一体裁难度层级关系,我们可以对口语测试题目的体裁难度进行描述和评价,并为口语测试题目的选择和设计提供参考依据。In topical speaking test, genre is an important factor which affects the candidate＇s performance and the test validity. But the related research is lacked. It is found out that among the 4 genre types, the easiest one is the narrative style, the second one is the descriptive style, the third one is the expository style, and the most difficult one is the argumentative style; and that among the 6 cognitive types, narrating the past, describing the static state, and narrating thepresent are relatively the easiest, exposition at the middle, and describing the mental status and argument are the most difficult. According to that genre difficulty hierarchy relation, we can describe and evaluate genre difficulty of items in speaking test, and provide referenced basis for choosing and designing items in speaking test.

关 键 词：体裁 难度 普通话水平测试 

分 类 号：H102[语言文字—汉语]