交通排放量化模型的建立与仿真实现  

Quantitative Modeling and Simulation of Traffic Emissions

作　　者：高艺[1] 于雷[2,3] 宋国华[2] 胥耀方[4] 郝艳召[5] 

机构地区：[1]交通运输部公路科学研究院,北京100088 [2]北京交通大学交通运输学院,北京100044 [3]美国德克萨斯南方大学科技学院,休斯顿77004 [4]重庆交通大学交通运输学院,重庆400074 [5]长安大学汽车学院,西安710064

出　　处：《系统仿真学报》2012年第4期887-891,共5页Journal of System Simulation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50878017);北京市科技计划重大资助项目(D08050902920801)

摘　　要：面对日益凸显的交通排放问题,设计用于定量计算的交通排放模型是制定和实施各项治理措施的前提,而如何反应由交通特征的微观变化引起的排放变化是目前交通排放模型建立的核心。基于此,首先利用车辆比功率(VSP)变量搭建了交通特征数据与机动车排放间的关系,在建立VSP-Bin分布率、VSP-Bin污染物排放率和车型分布三个数据库的基础上,建立了从交通特征微观变化出发的交通排放量化模型。然后,通过对ArcGIS进行二次开发,搭建了交通排放动态仿真平台。最后,结合北京市西三环RTMS(Remote Traffic Microwave Sensor,远程交通微波传感器)交通流量和浮动车速度数据对其及其周边主干路的交通排放进行动态的量化仿真和分析,为整个北京路网交通排放的量化仿真及节能减排政策的选择打下坚实的基础。Facing the increasingly worsened traffic emission problem,developing a quantitative traffic emission model is becoming a premise for evaluating and implementing various emission control strategies.Especially,the key to developing a traffic emission model is how to quantify the emission＇s changes caused by microscopic changes of traffic features.It was intended to develop a novel approach for the quantitative estimation and simulation of emissions.The relationship between the traffic flow data and vehicle emissions was investigated by using an approach based on the concept of Vehicle Specific Power（VSP）.After establishing three basic databases： VSP-Bin distribution database,VSP-Bin based emission rate database,and the vehicle type distribution database,a quantitative traffic emission model was developed from the microscopic changes of traffic emissions.Further,a dynamic simulation platform of emissions based on traffic flow data was accomplished by incorporating the emission model onto the ArcGIS.Finally,a simulation study was used to analyze the variations of traffic emissions on the Western 3rd Road and its surrounding principal arterials in Beijing by using the real traffic flow data from Remote Traffic Microwave Sensor（RTMS） and floating cars.The accomplishments from this research have established a solid foundation for the dynamic and quantitative simulation and analysis of traffic emissions for the entire road network of Beijing and the determination of emission strategies.

关 键 词：交通排放 量化模型 动态仿真 ArcGIS二次开发 车辆比功率 

分 类 号：TP391.9[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]