绿肥与化肥配施对小麦产量和土壤肥力的影响  

Effect of combined application of green manure and chemical fertilizer on wheat yield and soil fertility

作　　者：张久东[1,2] 包兴国[2] 胡志桥[1,2] 王婷[2] 曹卫东[3] 车宗贤[2] 杨文玉[2] 李全福[2] 王健[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源与环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所,甘肃兰州730030 [3]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2011年第6期125-129,共5页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目"绿肥作物生产与利用技术集成研究及示范"(201103005-04)

摘　　要：在甘肃河西绿洲灌区，通过田间试验研究在施氮总量不变的条件下，由绿肥代替相同含氮量的化肥对小麦产量、经济性状、土壤肥力和土壤微生物数量的影响。结果表明，第一年随着绿肥量的增加，小麦产量具有下降趋势，但绿肥收获后各处理的土壤肥力却得到显著增加；第二年随着绿肥量的增加小麦产量依次增加，以70％化肥N＋30％绿肥N处理产量最高，为8562kg／hm^2，较农民习惯施肥处理增产24．7％。绿肥氮代替化学氮在30％～45％时具有增产效果，并能改善土壤理化性质，培肥地力，促进微生物活动，具有良好的生态效益和社会效益。An experiment was carried out in Gansu Hexi oasis irrigation area to investigate, under the condition of total amount of N application remaining unchanged, the effect of green manure replacing chemical fertilizer with the same content of N on wheat yield and chief characteristics, soil fertility and soil microbial quantity. The results showed that, in the first year, the wheat yield decreased with the increase of green manure, but the content of soil available N, P, K and organic matter increased after green manure harvest; In the second year, the increase of green manure increased wheat yield, and 70% green manure N ＋ 30% chemical fertilizer N achieved the highest yield of 8 562 kg/hm2, 24.7% more than that by FFP. Green manure replacing N fertilizer by 30 % - 45 % improved soil fertility and wheat yield, and had ~ood economic and ecological benefits.

关 键 词：绿肥 复种 土壤肥力 小麦产量 河西走廊 

分 类 号：S142.1[农业科学—肥料学]