母语为英语者对中文光杆名词的习得分析  

An Analysis on the Acquisition of Chinese Bare Nouns by Native English Speakers

作　　者：张岚[1] 

机构地区：[1]美国孟菲斯大学外国语言文学系

出　　处：《世界汉语教学》2012年第2期233-242,共10页Chinese Teaching in the World

摘　　要：中文的光杆名词同英文相比,不但可以不受限制地出现在主宾语等论元位置上,而且自身根据句法位置的不同也有定指和不定指两种功能。本文对母语为英语的学生习得中文光杆名词的情况进行了调查,通过多项选择问卷的测试,发现学生对光杆名词的习得是与其中文水平的提高同步的;另外,光杆名词的不定指功能由于有"一+量词+名词"形式的混淆,对学生的挑战要大于光杆名词的定指功能。文章还发现,学习者习得过程中存在正确形式与错误形式并存的阶段。文章最后对这些发现提出了讨论。In contrast to English,bare nouns can occur in an argument position in Chinese relatively freely.Depending upon their syntactic positions,bare nouns in Chinese can have either definite or indefinite nonspecific interpretations.This paper investigates,through the administration of a questionnaire,whether these two functions of bare nouns present different challenges to learners.It is found that the improvement of overall language proficiency co-occurs with the improvement in the usage of bare nouns.It is also discovered that learners chose more of the wrong form,a nominal marked with numeral yi（一）,for the indefinite nonspecific function.This suggests that the indefinite nonspecific function of bare nouns presents more difficulty to the students than the definite function.The paper concludes with a discussion of the variants of nominal forms that exist in the learners＇ interlanguage and the implications for teaching.

关 键 词：光杆名词 定指 不定指 非实指 语言变体 

分 类 号：H195[语言文字—汉语]