重复自杀行为众多影响因素分析  

A study of factors related to suicide in patients with repeat suicide behavior

作　　者：徐东[1] 王绍礼[1] 李献云[1] 杨甫德[1] 张亚利[1] 梁红[1] 张学立 曹孔敬 许永臣 

机构地区：[1]北京回龙观医院,世界卫生组织自杀预防研究与培训中心,北京心理危机研究与干预中心,北京100096 [2]山东郓城县人民医院

出　　处：《中国神经精神疾病杂志》2012年第3期173-177,共5页Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases

基　　金：世界卫生组织SUPRE-MISS项目

摘　　要：目的探讨重复自杀行为者的特点及其自杀的危险因素。方法采用WHO健康量表、Beck抑郁自评量表、自杀强度量表等对115例住院的自杀未遂者实施调查,并追踪随访6年,对整个病程中仅有单次自杀行为和重复自杀行为两类人群住院时人文特点及评估资料进行比较。结果115例自杀未遂者中重复自杀行为24例,占20.9%。24例重复自杀行为者就诊治疗时年龄42.6±13.2岁,WHO健康量表得分7.04±5.64,Beck抑郁自评得分26.25±17.36,自杀强度得分10.04±4.94,16例(66.7%)患有精神疾病;91例单次自杀行为者年龄32.6±13.9岁,WHO健康量表得分15.91±5.61,Beck抑郁自评得分6.82±10.51,自杀强度得分7.76±3.97,20例(22.0%)患有精神疾病。重复与单次自杀行为者比较,两组在年龄、WHO健康量表、Beck抑郁自评得分、自杀强度得分、有无精神疾病以及自杀方式、是否真的想死、是否存在困扰1年以上躯体病或残疾、未来没有希望、身体健康状况自评方面存在明显差异(均P<0.05)。回归分析显示,自杀强度得分与是否真的想死得分相加代表的自杀致死倾向(P=0.036,OR=2.85,β=1.047),WHO健康量表与身体健康自评得分相加所代表的健康心理状态(P=0.026,OR=0.320,β=-1.141)进入回归方程。结论重复自杀行为者多患有精神疾病,抑郁心境、无望、自杀强度高等。有效评估这些因素对了解或防范未遂者再次出现自杀风险有重要意义。Objective Describe the characteristics of repeat suicide attempters and factors related to repeat suicide.Methods Well-Being index,Beck depression inventor and suicide intention were conducted in 115 hospitalized suicide attempters and patients were followed up for six years.Clinical data were compared between repeat suicide attempters including the prior suicide attempts and repeating suicide during following-up periods and the first suicide behavior patients.Results There were 24(20.9%) repeat suicide attempters among 115 attempters.Comapred with the first suicide attempters,there were significantly difference in age(42.6 ± 13.2 vs.32.6 ± 13.9),the scores for WHO Well-Being index(7.04 ± 5.64 vs.15.91 ± 5.61),Beck depression inventor(26.25 ± 17.36 vs.6.82 ± 10.51),for suicide intention(10.04 ± 4.94 vs.7.76 ± 3.97)and mental illness[16/24(66.7%) vs.20/91(22.0%)],suicide methods,having disease or disable,hopelessness(all P < 0.05).Binary logistic regression showed that repeat suicide behav-iors were associated with suicide intention(P = 0.036,OR = 2.85,β = 1.047) and index of mental health states(P = 0.026,OR = 0.320,β=-1.141).Conclusions Repeat suicide attempters have higher incidence of mental illness,serious depressive or hopeless and higher suicide intention.It is important to evaluate the factors related to suicide to decrease the likelihood of repeat suicidal behavior.

关 键 词：自杀未遂者 重复自杀行为 影响因素 

分 类 号：B846[哲学宗教—心理学] R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]