新型复合凝胶的制备及其缓释性能研究  

Preparation of a Novel Blend Gel Beads and Its Controlled Release Property

作　　者：张磊[1] 鲁建江[1] 张根林[1] 梁慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学化学化工学院/新疆兵团化工绿色过程重点实验室-省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,石河子832003

出　　处：《石河子大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第1期78-82,共5页Journal of Shihezi University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21104047);新疆兵团优秀青年创新资金专项(2010JC25)

摘　　要：采用Fe3+交联CMC凝胶中加入改性膨润土的方法制备了缓释肥料,考察了CMC、膨润土、尿素、交联剂的加量对羧甲基纤维素钠-改性膨润土复合凝胶缓释效果的影响,并利用扫描电镜进行表征。单因素实验结果表明:4种因素加量分别为3%(质量百分比浓度),2.5%、5%、0.1mol/L时缓释肥料的释放情况较好。正交实验结果表明:4种因素对累积释放率的影响程度依次为尿素>交联剂>CMC>膨润,复合凝胶缓释制备最佳工艺为以质量百分比浓度3.2%的CMC、2.7%的膨润土、3%的尿素及0.12mol/L交联剂,尿素释放12天累积释放率达到80%。扫描电镜对凝胶表征的结果表明:凝胶表面存在孔洞,在水中释放后缓释颗粒整体结构仍然存在,可知具有一定缓释能力,可为新型绿色缓释肥料的应用及推广提供参考。A novel slow release fertilizers was made from CMC,modified bentonite,urea and Fe3＋ cross-linking agent.Factors affecting its controlled release performance,including the concentrations of CMC,modified bentonite,urea,and cross-linking agent were discussed in detail.Mono-factor experiments show that the ideal slow release property could be achieved when the additions of four factors are 3%,2.5%,5% and 0.1 mol/L respectively.Orthogonal experiments show that the addition of modified bentonite extends the release time;the degree of influence of the four factors on the cumulative release rate is in the order of ureacrosslinking agentCMCbentonite;the optimal conditions are CMC 3.2%,modified bentonite 2.7%,urea 3%,and cross-linking agent 0.12 mol/L;12 d cumulative release rate was 80%.This study provides a theoretical foundation for the application and promotion of new green controlled-release fertilizers.

关 键 词：羧甲基纤维素钠 膨润土 缓释肥料 交联剂 

分 类 号：TQ352.2[化学工程]