“非遗”后的传统手工技艺传承——以水族马尾绣为例  

TRADITIONAL HANDICRAFTS INHERITANCE AFTER BECOMING “INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGES”——A Case Study on Horsetail Embroidery of Shui Nationality

作　　者：王彦[1] 

机构地区：[1]文化部民族民间文艺发展中心

出　　处：《民族学刊》2012年第2期17-22,92,共6页Journal of Ethnology

基　　金：2010年国家社会科学基金项目"民族村寨文化遗产保护与社会发展案例研究"(项目编号:10CG101)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：非物质文化遗产保护的推进,深刻影响了我国众多手工技艺的传承和发展。在参与其中的各利益相关方中,地方政府的角色和作用尤为显著。以三都水族马尾绣为例,在其成为国家级非物质文化遗产项目后,在当地政府组织领导下建立了保障机构,施行了相关政策,并举办马尾绣培训班,提升优秀艺人的地位和影响,扩大马尾绣的社会认知度和需求,显示了地方政府的重要推动作用。"非遗"为传统手工技艺的传承创造出新的情境,技艺传承渠道、制品内容、形式功能等都发生着变化。这一方面拓展了技艺的生存空间,同时也使得马尾绣所蕴含的历史价值和文化价值被削弱。但我们不应该夸大这种削弱的消极意义,而应该将其视为一种积极的传承状态。With the protection of intangible cultural heritage promoted, the inheritance and development of various traditional handicrafts were deeply affected. Among all the stakeholders, the role of local government is so remarkable. This paper, based on the investigation of horsetail embroidery of Shui nationality in Sandu County, discusses that after it became a 'state-level intangible cultural heritage', various activities held by local government show the important promoting function of the government. The author points out that 'intangible cultural heritage protection' has created a new context for the inheritance of traditional handicrafts. The inheritance channels, contents, forms and functions are changed. These changes, on one hand, expand the living space of traditional handicrafts, but on the other hand, both historical and cultural values implied in horsetail embroidery were impaired. However, we should regard them as a positive inheritance status, not magnify the negative meaning.

关 键 词：非物质文化遗产 传统手工技艺 马尾绣 水族 

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