精神分裂症首次发病患者面孔识别事件相关电位研究  

Research in facial recognition examined by event-related potentials in patients with the first-episode schizophrenia

作　　者：杨程青[1] 陆峥[1] 王继军[2] 陈发展[1] 刘娜[2] 何磊英[2] 黄楠[2] 李惠[2] 唐莹莹[2] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学附属同济医院精神医学科,上海200065 [2]上海市精神卫生中心

出　　处：《中华精神科杂志》2012年第2期74-79,共6页Chinese Journal of Psychiatry

基　　金：“十一五”国家科技攻关计划（2007BAIl7804）i

摘　　要：目的探讨精神分裂症首次发病患者面孔识别障碍的特点。方法采用病例对照研究设计，对性别、年龄、文化程度匹配的精神分裂症首次发病患者组（30例）和对照组（30例），应用Ekman标准表情库中的面孔生成刺激材料，研究2组受试者的面孔不同程度性别识别能力（分低、中、高3等程度的男女识别）和面孔不同程度表情识别能力（分低、中、高3等程度的高兴、厌恶、恐惧情绪的识别），分析面孔性别识别和面孔表情识别的判断正确率、反应时间，并比较各类视觉事件相关电位中的P100、N170、N250、晚正成分P300的波幅和潜伏期。结果（1）行为学数据：患者组与对照组在性别识别方面的总体正确率和总体反应时间的差异均无统计学意义（F=3．306，P＝0．077；F=3．866，P=0．056）；患者组与对照组在表情识别方面的总体正确率为（44．5±2．4）％，低于对照组（60．5±2．1）％，差异有统计学意义（F=2．372，P=0．009），2组反应时间的差异无统计学意义（F=3．580，P＝0．066）。（2）脑电数据：患者组高程度的厌恶情绪和高程度的高兴情绪诱发的N170潜伏期低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（F=3．176，P=0．047）；患者组与对照组N250波幅的差异有统计学意义（F=4．516，P=0．015）。结论精神分裂症首次发病患者存在面孔识别能力损害，N170、N250可能是精神分裂症的属性指标。Objective To explore the characters of facial recognition in patients with the first- episode schizophrenia. Methods In the case-control study, the experiment contained facial emotion and gender recognition tasks, which was designed using the Ekman Standard Faces Database to compare the recognition ability among patients with the first-episode schizophrenia and healthy controls. The experiment focused on the event-related potentials （ERP） such as P100, N170, N250 and P300 in their amplitudes and latency. Evoked potential data were obtained using a 64-channel EEG system. Results （ 1 ） Behavioral data： As to facial gender recognition, there were no significant differences on total accuracy（ F = 3. 306,P = 0. 077） and total reaction time （ F = 3. 866, P = 0. 056） among the two groups, and as to facial emotional expression recognition, the total accuracy was lower in patient group than in the control group [ （60. 5 ± 2. 1 ）% vs. （44. 5 ±2. 4）%,P =0. 009] ,and there was no significant difference on total reaction time among the two groups （ F = 3. 580, P = 0. 066）. （2） Electrophysiological Data： Four ERP components corresponding to the P100, N170, N250, and P300 were identified. Group differences were noted for the N170 ＂ structure modulation＂ component that underlies the structure encoding of facial features. Shortened latency of the N170（ F = 3. 176, P = 0. 047 ） and lower amplitude of the N250 （ F = 4. 516, P = 0. 015 ） was found in patient group than healthy control group. Conclusion Patients with schizophrenia demonstrate abnormalities in early structure encoding and affect encoding of facial features that precedes the ERP response typically associated with facial structure recognition and affect recognition, N170, N250 may be the characteristic index of schizophrenia.

关 键 词：精神分裂症 诱发电位 面孔表情识别 面孔性别识别 

分 类 号：R749.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]