蛇床子提取物对番茄灰霉病菌的抑制效果  

Inhibitory Effects of Fructus cnidii Extracts on Tomato Botrytis cinerea

作　　者：周宝利[1] 尚淼[1] 孟思达[1] 陈志霞[1] 李兴宝[1] 李沛瑶[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学园艺学院,沈阳110161

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2012年第2期137-141,共5页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：沈阳市科技计划项目(F10-226-4-00)

摘　　要：为研究蛇床子提取物对番茄灰霉病的抑菌效果及抑菌活性的稳定性,以番茄灰霉病菌作为供试菌种,用蛇床子提取物作为抑菌剂,采用生长速率法测定其抑菌效果。结果表明,蛇床子不同溶剂提取物对供试菌种均表现出抗菌效果,并筛选出最佳提取溶剂为乙醇(φ=95%),其抑菌率达到76.92%;提取时间和方式是超声提取30min,抑菌率达到78.87%,超声波提取10、60min与震荡1、2、3d变化不大;在不同质量浓度下测定蛇床子抑菌效果,当提取物质量浓度为20g.L-1时,接菌后3.5d菌丝生长抑制率可达到最大值,为77.35%;蛇床子提取物抑菌活性的试验中,蛇床子在-20℃和100℃时抑菌活性低于0～80℃处理;蛇床子的光稳定性在光照超过48h之后抑菌活性有所下降;蛇床子的有效保存时间在0d最大,以后逐渐降低,超过25d抑菌率明显下降。因此,蛇床子提取物对番茄灰霉菌的最佳抑菌条件是用乙醇(φ=95%)提取,超声波提取30min,质量浓度为20g.L-1,避光保存于4℃的冰箱中,保存时间不超过25d。The stability of antibacterial effect and activity of extract from Fructus cnidii L.on Botrytis cinerea Pers were studied in this paper.Antibacterial effect of extract from Fructus cnidii was determined by growth rate method.Fructus cnidii extract by different solvents showed antibacterial effect on Botrytis cinerea Pers.The best solvent was 95% ethanol which inhibitory rate was 76.92%.And the proper extract time and method was ultrasonic extraction for 30 min which inhibitory rate was 78.87%.There were only small differences among ultrasonic extraction for 10 min or 60 min,and shaking for 1 d,2 d or 3 d.When the extract concentration was 20 g·L-1,the maximum inhibition ratio of mycelial growth achieved 77.35% in 3.5 days after inoculation.The antibacterial effects of extract Fructus cnidii at-20 ℃ and 100 ℃ were lower than 0-80 ℃ treatments.The photostability of Fructus cnidii decreased when illuminate exceeded 48 h.The effect of inhibitory rate decrease with the storage time prolonging,and was remarkably decreased when the time exceeded 25 days.In conclusion,the best antibacterial condition of extract from Fructus cnidii on Botrytis cinerea Pers was 95% ethanol,ultrasonic extraction for 30 min,20 g·L-1 extract,stored in dark area at 4 ℃ no more than 25 days.

关 键 词：蛇床子 提取条件 番茄灰霉菌 抑菌活性 

分 类 号：S436.412[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]