毛宗岗的《三国演义》评点  

Mao Zonggang's Commentary on Romance of the Three Kingdoms

作　　者：祁志祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海政法学院法治与社会发展研究院,上海201701

出　　处：《辽宁大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2012年第2期131-135,共5页Journal of Liaoning University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：2005年国家社科基金项目"中国古代美学史的重新解读"部分成果

摘　　要：小说的艺术是塑造人物形象的艺术。毛宗岗肯定《三国演义》最大的艺术成就是塑造了一系列"奇才"。小说情节的审美魅力,既在于犯而能避,"同树异枝"、"同花异果",又在于变化莫测,"星移斗转"、"雨覆风翻"。尽管《三国演义》"叙帝王之事真而可考",但并不排斥它在描述其他人物、事件时存在艺术虚构。在历史小说艺术真实的问题上,毛宗岗坚持"虚实相生之法",分析《三国》写人叙事,"文之变者出人意外,未尝不在人意中"。毛宗岗还通过与《史记》《西游记》《水浒传》《东周列国志》诸"才子之书"的比较,肯定《三国演义》为古代"第一才子书",表现了独特的审美趣味。The art of fiction is characterized by shaping literary characters. Mao Zonggang asserts that the most important success of Romance of the Three Kingdoms lies in creating a series of ＂wizards＂. The aesthetic charm of the novel＇s plot, is the author＇s commitment to avoiding similarity, like ＂different branches on the same tree＂, and ＂identical flowers bearing distinct fruits＂, and to unpredictable change, like the passage of time, and unpredictable weather. Although as to Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ＂the account of emperors is real and in accordance with history＂, it is doubtless that when describing other characters, there would be artistic invention. In terms of the aesthetic reality of historical fiction, Mao Zonggang insists on＂the combination of nihility and reality＂.When analyzing the narrative art of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, he observes that＂change is unexpected, and one can never predict it.＂Mao Zonggang also compares this novel with other ＂books of talents＂ like Records of the Historian, Journey to the West, Outlaws of the Marsh, and Romance of the States of Eastern Zhou, claiming that Romance of the Three ＂Kingdoms＂is No. I book of talents with its unique aesthetic taste.

关 键 词：三奇三绝 同花异果 雨覆风翻 虚实相生 

分 类 号：I207.413[文学—中国文学]