上颌中切牙埋伏阻生的临床分析  

Clinical analysis of maxillary central incisors with impaction

作　　者：陈琳[1] 钟燕雷[2] 郭红梅[1] 田春娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京武警总医院口腔科,100039 [2]北京大学口腔医院第三门诊部

出　　处：《中华医学美学美容杂志》2012年第2期90-93,共4页Chinese Journal of Medical Aesthetics and Cosmetology

摘　　要：目的分析上颌中切牙埋伏阻生的发病率、病因及治疗结果，以期对临床治疗有所帮助。方法随机抽取的1000例患者中确诊29例为上颌中切牙埋伏阻生，年龄为7～23岁，平均11．1岁。埋伏牙总数32枚，骨内埋伏有22枚。骨外埋伏10枚。对临床发病率、病因、埋伏阻牛的位置和方向以及临床治疗方法和结果等方面进行回顾性研究。结果男性发病率小于女性，男：女为1.0：1．2，骨内埋伏阻生与骨外之比为11：5。有65％的患者存在上颌中切牙萌出问隙不足．但是属于中重度拥挤的仪占15％。埋伏牙自身形态和他罱异常的发病率高达71％。临床治疗方法主要有手术＋正畸牵引导萌术、白体牙移植以及拔除阻生牙。结论上颌中切牙埋伏阻生主要发病原因是牙齿形态和位置异常所致。通过正确的诊断和治疗后，大部分埋伏阻生的恒上颌中切牙治疗结果及预后良好。Objective To analyze the incidence, etiology and clinical lreatment of the impacted maxillary central incisors. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 29 cases of impacted maxillary central incisors that were randomly selected from the 1000 patients. Age of the patient was ranged from 7 to 23 years with median 11.1 years. Numbers of impacted teeth were 32, in which 22 teeth were intraosseous impaction and others were extraosseous. The incidence, etiology, sites and direction of impacted teeth and their treatment approaches were explored in this study. Results lmpac tion of maxillary central incisors occurred more frequently in females than in males, with a ratio of 1.0 ： 1.2. The ratio of intraosseous impaction to extraosseous one was 11 ： 5. The insufficient erup tion space of maxillary central incisors was present in 65% patients, but intermediate and severe crowded teeth only accounted for 155. The incidence of the abnormal site and position of impacted teeth reached 71%. The clinical approach and solution were surgical orthodontic treatment, transplan tation or removal of impacted teeth. Conclusions The main cause is abnormity of teeth in the shape and position. Most of the impacted maxillary cenlral incisors could be moved to the correct position by effective treatment.

关 键 词：埋伏牙 上颌中切牙 治疗 

分 类 号：R783.5[医药卫生—口腔医学]