全国自来水厂卤乙酸浓度调查、风险评估与标准建议  

National survey and risk assessment of haloacetic acids in drinking water in China for reevaluation of the drinking water standards

作　　者：孟丽苹[1] 董兆敏[1] 胡建英[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学城市与环境学院,地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室,北京100871

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2012年第4期721-726,共6页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家"973"项目(2007CB407304);全国水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2009ZX07419-001)

摘　　要：采用高特异性和高灵敏度的UPLC-MS/MS方法对中国34个城市的117个自来水厂出水中9种卤乙酸进行检测,其中二氯乙酸和三氯乙酸的检出率和检出浓度最高,检出率分别为78.6%和81.2%,平均浓度分别为3.47μg/L和3.31μg/L.风险评价结果表明,二氯乙酸导致我国饮用水致癌风险的期望值为5.72 10-6,处于较低风险水平;全国只有1.7%水厂出水TCAA浓度超过20μg/L的健康指导值.在风险评价的基础上结合我国水厂的卤乙酸浓度数据,建议我国饮用水的二氯乙酸和三氯乙酸标准分别修改为16μg/L和20μg/L.Nine haloacetic acids were determined in finished water samples from 117 drinking water supply plants,using a specific and sensitive UPLC-MS/MS method.Of nine haloacetic acids,dichloroacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid showed high detection frequencies with 78.6% and 81.2%,and concentrations with 3.47μg/L and 3.31μg/L,respectively.The expected lifetime cancer risk of dichloroacetic acid associated with uptake of drinking water in China was 5.72×10-6,showing a relatively low risk.The concentration of trichloroacetic acid in finished water which exceeded the health guideline value of 20μg/L was estimated to be 1.7%.Based on the results of risk assessment and the national survey of haloacetic acids,the criteria of dichloroacetic acid and trichloroacetic were suggested to be 16μg/L and 20μg/L,respectively.

关 键 词：卤乙酸 饮用水 消毒副产物 风险评价 饮用水标准 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]