5种重金属亚致死暴露浓度对普通小球藻生长抑制与光合毒性的比较  

Effects of five heavy metals at sub-lethal concentrations on the growth and photosynthesis of Chlorella vulgaris

作　　者：欧阳慧灵[1] 孔祥臻[1] 秦宁[1] 何伟[1] 何玘霜[1] 王雁[1] 王戎[1] 徐福留[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学城市与环境学院,地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室,北京100871

出　　处：《科学通报》2012年第10期785-793,共9页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(41030529);国家杰出青年科学基金(40725004);国家水专项(2008ZX07103-005-01);国家环境保护公益性行业科研专项(20100932);国家教育部博士点专项基金(20100001110035)资助

摘　　要：研究及比较了5种重金属(铜、铬、锌、镉和铅)亚致死暴露浓度(0.05,0.5,5μmolL-1)对普通小球藻的生长抑制作用与光合毒性作用.在不同暴露时间(0,24,48,72,96h)测量普通小球藻的生物量和PSII系统潜在最大光能转换效率(Fv/Fm),结果表明,5种重金属对普通小球藻的生长抑制作用具有浓度依赖性和时间依赖性,5μmolL-1的5种重金属对普通小球藻的生长均有抑制作用,且抑制作用随着时间的延长有所减弱;5μmolL-1铜和铬对普通小球藻的光合作用强度有抑制作用,锌和镉表现为促进作用,而铅未表现出任何效应;重金属对普通小球藻生长的影响与其对光合作用的影响相互独立,两者并不存在因果关系.The impact of five heavy metals, copper （Cu）, chromium （Cr）, zinc （Zn）, cadmium （Cd） and lead （Pb） at sub-lethal concentrations （0.05, 0.5, 5 μmol L-1） on the growth and photosynthesis of Chlorella vulgaris was studied through 96 h exposure experiments. The results showed that the effects of five metals on the growth of Chlorella vulgaris were dependent on both metal concentrations and exposure time. It was found that 5 pxnol L-1 Cu, Cr, Zn, Cd and Pb significantly inhibited the growth of Chlorella vulgaris and the effect became weaker with the increase of exposure time. Different effects on chlorophyll fluorescence were found for different metals, among which Cu and Cr had an inhibiting effect and Zn and Cd promoted it. The effects of heavy metals on the growth and photosynthesis of Chlorella vulgaris are independent of each other; and they are not causally related.

关 键 词：重金属 亚致死浓度 普通小球藻 生长抑制 光合毒性 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]