Toulmin推断模型在考试效度论证中的应用  

Toulmin's Argument Model and Its Application in Test Validation

作　　者：陈宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]教育部考试中心

出　　处：《中国考试》2012年第4期15-21,共7页journal of China Examinations

摘　　要：Stephen E.Toulmin是20世纪下半叶最有影响的哲学家之一。他创立的实用推断模型已被应用于众多领域,包括教育和心理测量。在介绍Toulmin推断模型的基础上,本文着重阐释了基于推断的效度论证及Toulmin模型在效度论证中的应用(以新托福的效度论证为范例)。最后,为推动相关工作在我国的开展,文章提出了3点建议:(1)重视考试的效度论证;(2)积极尝试运用Toulmin模型开展考试效度研究;(3)以效度论证推动考试改革。Being one of the most influential philosophers of the latter half of the 20th century, Stephen E. Toulmin created the practical argument model, also known as Toulmin＇ s model, which has been used in multiple areas, including educational and psychological measurement. Based on an introduction of the model, the article focuses on an explanation of an argument-based approach to validation and exemplified application of the approach with New TOEFL. In the end, with an aim to improve the practice of test validation in China, suggestions are made in terms of a） placing more importance in test validation, b） trying using Toulmin＇ s model in test validation, and c） promoting assessment reforms through test validation.

关 键 词：Toulmin推断模型 效度论证 

分 类 号：G405[文化科学—教育学原理]