低血糖指数糖尿病膳食对2型糖尿病患者代谢及营养状况的影响研究  

Application of Low Glycemic Index Diet in Diabetes and Its Effect on Biochemical Indicators

作　　者：张晴[1] 周建超 赵妍娟[1] 许桢[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州人民医院营养科,河南省郑州市450001 [2]河南省妇幼保健院

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2012年第12期1319-1321,共3页Chinese General Practice

摘　　要：目的探讨低血糖指数(GI)糖尿病膳食对2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者代谢及饮食结构的影响。方法选取40例2型糖尿病患者,随机分为试验组和对照组,各20例。试验组患者以低GI膳食知识作为主要教育内容,对照组患者以食物交换份法教育为主;通过一对一饮食教育、食谱指导、发放资料等方式进行4个月的干预,干预结束后,以患者的生化指标及饮食中营养结构为观察指标进行比较。结果膳食干预后,试验组患者的空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平均较对照组患者显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。膳食干预后,试验组和对照组患者饮食中的能量、碳水化合物、脂肪的量较干预前显著降低(P<0.01);而蛋白质、钙、维生素C、膳食纤维的量则较干预前显著增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);但两组间各营养指标比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在糖尿病营养治疗工作中,对糖尿病患者进行低GI膳食指导,可有效地控制T2DM患者的血糖、血脂水平及改善营养状况。Objective To observe the effect of low glycemic index （GI） diet on metabolism and diet structure of pa- tients with T2DM. Methods 40 type 2 diabetes patients were selected and randomly divided into treatment group and control group, with each group 20 cases. Knowledge of low glycemic diet was instructed in treatment group and knowledge of food ex- change was instructed in control group. Biochemical indicators and diet structure were measured after interventions were performed for four months, including one on one dietary education, recipe instruction and materials distribution. Results After interven- tion, levels of FPG, 2 hPG, TG and LDL - C were significantly decreased in treatment group compared with control group （P 〈 0. 05） . After intervention, the levels of calories, carbohydrate and fat were significantly decreased in diet both in treatment group and control group （ P 〈 0. 01 ） . However, the levels of protein, calcium and Vitamin C were significantly increased （ P 〈 0. 01 ） The differences of nutritive indicators between the two groups were not statistically significant （ P 〉 0.05 ） . Conclusion Nutrition education of LGI diet is of great importance in controlling blood glucoses and blood lipids as well as in improving nutri- tion in patients with T2DM.

关 键 词：低血糖指数 膳食疗法 糖尿病 2型 能量代谢 

分 类 号：R059.3[医药卫生] R587.1