超声波和相转移催化剂在棕榈油皂化反应中的应用研究  

Application of ultrasonic and phase transfer catalyst in saponification of palm oil

作　　者：胡爱军[1] 刘雪[1] 郑捷[1] 孙连立[1] 李洪艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学食品工程与生物技术学院,天津300457

出　　处：《中国油脂》2012年第4期40-43,共4页China Oils and Fats

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD27B03);天津东丽区科技创新专项基金项目(2010312);天津市科技计划项目(09ZHXHNC04900)

摘　　要：以棕榈油为原料,对其非均相皂化反应进行了研究。对催化剂及皂化处理方式进行考察,并在此基础上选择反应温度、超声波功率、反应时间、催化剂添加量、KOH添加量进行了单因素优化实验。结果表明:相转移催化剂CTAB催化效果最好,超声波辅助搅拌处理方式最佳;单因素优化的最优皂化条件为反应温度70℃,超声波功率320 W,反应时间80 min,催化剂CTAB添加量0.5 g(以每克油计),KOH添加量1.75 g(以每克油计)。在最优条件下皂化率达到89.32%,是常规搅拌(无催化剂,无超声波作用)下皂化率的4.7倍,大大提高了效率。The heterogeneous saponification reaction of palm oil was studied. Catalysts and saponification treatment means were investigated first, then the temperature, ultrasonic power, reaction time, dosage of catalyst and dosage of KOH were optimized by single factor experiments. The results showed that phase transfer catalyst of CTAB was the best and the best treatment means was ultrasonic combined with agita- tion. The optimal saponification parameters were obtained as follows ： temperature 70 ~C, ultrasonic power 320 W, reaction time 80 min, dosage of CTAB 0. 5 g per gram of oil, and dosage of KOH 1.75 g per gram of oil. Under the optimal conditions, the saponification rate was 89.32%, which was 4. 7 times higher than that under conventional conditions（without catalyst and ultrasonic） .

关 键 词：超声波 相转移催化剂 棕榈油 皂化反应 

分 类 号：TQ644[化学工程—精细化工]