时域和空间域路面激励下重型车辆动载荷仿真分析  

Simulation Analysis of Heavy-duty Vehicle Dynamic Load under Road Excitation in Time Domain and Spatial Domain

作　　者：蒋荣超[1] 刘大维[1] 王松[1] 康忠亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛大学机电工程学院,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2012年第5期152-158,共7页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2009FM044);青岛大学优秀研究生学位论文培育项目(YSPY2011005)

摘　　要：为研究时间和空间频率路面激励下重型车辆动载特性,将车辆的轮胎、钢板弹簧视为柔体,橡胶垫块、限位块简化为具有非线性刚度和阻尼特性的力元,采用多体动力学仿真软件SIMPACK建立刚柔耦合的车辆整车虚拟样机,并采用有理函数功率谱密度的谐波叠加法建立空间域和时域路面激励数学模型,创建一个时域和空间域路面激励下车辆行驶动力学模型,仿真计算了车辆各轴轮胎的法向作用力和车轮法向动载系数。结果表明:不同车速下,时域和空间域路面激励下得到的轮胎法向作用力的变化规律和大小均不相同,而且轮胎法向作用力最大值出现的位置也不同;中、后轴车轮法向动载系数变化规律基本相似,但前轴车轮法向动载系数变化规律不同。研究结果可为轮胎动载荷计算、验证、预测提供参考依据。In order to study the dynamic load characteristics of heavy-duty vehicle under road excitation in time domain and spatial domain,a rigid flexible coupling virtual vehicle prototype was established using SIMPACK software.The tires and leaf springs were treated as deformable body,and the rubber pads and limit block were simplified to force elements with non-linear stiffness and damping characteristics.And time domain and spatial domain mathematical models of road excitation were established using the harmony superposition method based on power spectral density of rational function.Then a dynamic model of vehicle under road excitation in time domain and spatial domain was established,and the vehicle tire normal force and tire normal dynamic load coefficient were computed.The simulation results indicate that（1） at different driving speeds,the values and change regularities of tire normal forces obtained under the road excitation in time domain and spatial domain were not the same,and the maximum values of tire normal force appeared at different location;（2） the change regularities of the middle and the rear axles＇ tire normal dynamic load coefficients were basically similar,while those of the front axle＇s tire normal dynamic load coefficient were different.The research results could provide a basis for calculation,verification and prediction of vehicle tire dynamic load.

关 键 词：汽车工程 路面不平度 多体模型 车辆动载荷 时域 空间域 

分 类 号：U461.1[机械工程—车辆工程]