数控机床三维空间误差建模及补偿技术研究  

Research on Compensation Technique for 3-Dimension Volumetric Errors of CNC Machine Tools

作　　者：朱赤洲[1] 陈蔚芳[1] 赵鹏[1] 刘明灯 

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学机电学院,南京210016 [2]南京四开电子企业有限公司,南京210007

出　　处：《组合机床与自动化加工技术》2012年第4期16-19,24,共5页Modular Machine Tool & Automatic Manufacturing Technique

基　　金：江苏省重大科技成果转化专项资金项目(BA2007071)

摘　　要：为了提高数控机床的加工精度,解决由机床三维空间误差引起的工件加工质量降低的问题,在研究多体系统理论误差建模技术的基础上,提出离线补偿和嵌入式补偿两种补偿策略。离线补偿是基于数控加工程序的修正补偿,将机床三维空间误差映射到数控加工程序,通过修改加工程序实现对机床的三维空间误差补偿;嵌入式补偿是基于数控系统的在线补偿,将机床三维空间误差融合到数控系统中,通过修正数控系统中的数据流实现对机床的三维空间误差补偿。实验表明,在不影响机床可靠性的前提下,两种补偿策略均显著提高了数控机床的加工精度。3-Dimension volumetric errors of CNC machine tools will cause a decrease in machining quality.To overcome this problem,ensure the machining accuracy,two compensation strategies based on error modeling by using multi-body system theory are proposed.One is offline compensation,the other is embedded compensation.Offline compensation,a kind of correction compensation based on NC program,realizes the compensation of 3-Dimension volumetric errors of CNC machine tools by mapping the errors to NC program and modifying the NC program.Embedded compensation is a kind of online compensation based on CNC system,and it realizes the compensation by modifying the data flow of CNC system.This method is on the foundation of the amalgamation of CNC system and 3-Dimension volumetric errors model.Results from experiments show that both of the two compensation strategies significantly improve the precision of CNC machine tools and not affect the machine reliability.

关 键 词：数控机床 加工精度 多体系统 误差补偿 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG65[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]