5种植物精油对植物病原真菌的抑菌活性  

Inhibitory Activity of 5 Plant Essential Oils against Plant Pathogenic Fungi

作　　者：宁蕾[1] 邓业成[1] 雷玲[2] 骆海玉[1] 秦卉[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学生命科学学院,珍稀濒危动植物生态与环境保护省部共建教育部重点实验室,广西桂林541004 [2]贵州师范大学科研处,贵阳550001

出　　处：《农药》2012年第5期377-379,389,共4页Agrochemicals

基　　金：广西研究生教育创新计划项目(2010106020710M53);广西自然科学基金项目(桂科自0991097);珍稀濒危动植物生态与环境保护省部共建教育部重点实验室科研基金项目(桂科能1001Z014)

摘　　要：[目的]植物精油用作农药具有对人畜安全、对环境友好、生物活性多样等特点，可克服化学农药的局限性，具有开发潜力。研究5种植物精油对10种重要农作物病原真菌的抑菌活性，以期为其在农药领域的开发利用提供依据。[方法]采用生长速率法测定植物精油对病原菌的抑菌活性。[结果]南丰蜜橘精油和胜红蓟精油对供试病原菌表现出较高的抑制活性，精油体积分数为1mL／L时，对10种植物病原真菌的抑制率分别为77．27％-100％和63．54％100％。南丰蜜橘精油和胜红蓟精油对10种植物病原真菌菌丝的EC50 值分别为0．2316-0．5653、0．0573-0．1943mL／L。[结论]南丰蜜橘精油和胜红蓟精油对供试植物病原真菌的抑制活性好，具有开发应用前景。[Aims] Plant essential oils as pesticides have characteristics of safety and various bioactivities. They can overcome the limitations of chemical pesticides and possess exploitation potential. The antifungal activity of 5 plant essential oils against 10 important plant pathogens was studied in this paper to provide basis for the exploitation and application of these essential oils in pesticide field. [Methods] A growth rate method was used for determining the antifungal activity of plant essential oils against pathogens. [Results] Citrus reticulata and Ageratum conyzoides essential oils had high inhibitory activity against the tested fungi at 1 mL/L, with the inhibition rates of 77.27-100% and 63.54-100% respectively, and with the ECs0 values of 0.2316-0.5653 mL/L and 0.0573-0.1943 mL/L, respectively. [Conclusions] C. reticulata and A. conyzoides essential oils exhibit high inhibitory activity against the tested fungi, and possess exploitation and application values in pesticide field.

关 键 词：植物精油 植物病原真菌 抑菌活性 

分 类 号：S482.2[农业科学—农药学]