热膜测速技术在挑射水流中的应用及高坝消能机理的研究  

Application of Hot-film Anemometer to Experimental Study on Flow Characteristics of Jet and Mechanism of Energy Dissipation in High Dam

作　　者：柴华 冬俊瑞[2] 李永祥[2] 

机构地区：[1]珠江水利委员会科学研究所,广东广州510611 [2]清华大学水电工程系,北京100084

出　　处：《人民珠江》2000年第1期1-5,共5页Pearl River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(59379388);"八五"国家科技攻关项目

摘　　要：为探讨挑射水流在冲坑内的基本特征与消能机理,首次利用热膜测速技术量测定床冲坑中淹没射流的沿程时均流速和脉动流速分布,并同时量测沿坑底的压强场,给出入射区、冲击区和壁射流区3个子区的流速和压强的变化规律;计算坝面摩阻消能、空中扩散消能和冲坑水垫中紊动剪切消能3部分的消能效率。The hot-film anemometer is applied to measure the time-average velocity and velocity fluctuation distributions of the submerged jet along its flow course at the bottom of scour pool. The pressure acting on the bottom is also recorded. Based on the measurement data the variation laws of velocity and pressure in three regions including incident of jet,jet impingement and jet flow along the solid boundary are analyzed. The energy dissipation ratios among friction on the surface of spillway, spray and diffusion in the air and turbulence in the scour pool are calculated.

关 键 词：热膜测速技术 淹没射流 流速 压强 消能 

分 类 号：TV653.3[水利工程—水利水电工程]