循环经济与节能减排政策对我国环境压力影响的研究  

Impact of circular economic,energy-saving and emission-reduction policies on environmental pressure in China

作　　者：曾琳[1] 张天柱[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学环境学院,北京100084

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第4期478-482,共5页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：科技部"十一五"科技支撑计划(2009BAC64B01)

摘　　要：该文基于表征人类活动对环境影响的IPAT方程,运用结构分解分析模型,采用修正后的Laspeyres方法,选取污染物排放量和资源消耗量作为衡量环境压力的指标,构建了分析循环经济与节能减排政策对我国环境压力影响的方法。对2000—2009年我国环境压力的时序变化及其影响因素进行了分析,结果表明:研究期间,人口因素对环境压力变化的影响较小且比较稳定,经济增长因素对环境压力增大具有明显的正向效应,循环经济与节能减排政策因素则相对表现出抑制效应。政策因素对环境压力的减缓程度视不同类型污染而有所差异。在资源消耗方面,政策因素的抑制效应在"十一五"期间比"十五"期间更为明显,且对用水总量增长的抑制作用比能源更显著。The IPAT equation was used to build a function to describe the environmental pressure represented by pollutant discharge and resource consumption. The relationships between China＇s environmental pressures and various driving faetors in 2000--2009 were then analyzed using a structural decomposition analysis （SDA） model combined with the refined Laspeyres method. In this study period, population had little effect on increasing the environmental pressure, while economic growth greatly influenced the environment. Circular economic, energy-saving and emission reduction policies mitigated the environmental pressure with the impacts differing depending on the pollutant type. The policy factor had a more significant effect on the reduction of the growth of water consumption than energy consumption. The mitigation effect was more remarkable in the ＂Eleventh Five Year＂ period than in the ＂Tenth Five-Year＂ period.

关 键 词：循环经济 节能减排 环境压力 IPAT方程 结构分解分析 

分 类 号：X196[环境科学与工程—环境科学]