锂离子二次电池负极材料的研究  

Studies on Anode Material for Lithium Ion Secondary Battery

作　　者：吴宇平[1] 姜长印[1] 万春荣[1] 李建军[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学核能技术设计研究院,北京102201

出　　处：《化学世界》2000年第1期3-8,共6页Chemical World

摘　　要：综述了最近几年来锂离子二次电池负极材料的研究。研究的负极材料主要有：改性碳材料、氮化物、硅化物、氧化物和新型合金。通过引入金属和非金属元素，碳材料的可逆容量、循环性能有了一定提高，这主要是碳材料的电子状态、石墨结构和表面有明显的改善。氮化物、硅化物、氧化物和合金等负极材料虽然在某些性能方面强于碳材料，但是从实用的角度而言，还存在着一些不如意的地方。随着固体电解质的不断研究，锂金属及其合金有可能成为最有前景的负极材料。另外，对于锂在部分主体材料中的储存机理予以说明。Recent studies on anode materials for lithium ion secondary battery are reviewed.The investigated anode materials include modified carbons,nitrides,silicides,oxides and novel alloys.Since the introduced metal and nonmetal elements can modify electronic structure,graphite structure and surface of the carbonaceous materilas,their reversible capacity and cycle properties are improved.Though some properties of anode materials such as nitrides,silicides,oxides and alloys are better than that of carbon materials,they are still unsatisfactory from the viewpoint of application.With the development of solid polymer electrolyte,lithium and its alloys may be the promising anode materials.Mechanisms of lithium storage in some host materials are also reviewed and further work on this aspect is still needed.

关 键 词：锂离子二次电池 负极材料 碳材料 氮化物 硅化物 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动] TM2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]