微型薯生理年龄对马铃薯生长发育的影响  

Effect of Minituber Physiological Age on Potato Growth and Development

作　　者：董道峰[1] 刘芳[1] 杨元军[1] 陈广侠[1] 王培伦[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院蔬菜研究所,山东省设施蔬菜生物学重点实验室,国家蔬菜改良中心山东分中心,山东济南250100

出　　处：《中国马铃薯》2012年第2期92-94,共3页Chinese Potato Journal

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-10-ES10)

摘　　要：试验测定了不同生理年龄微型薯的干物质含量、含糖量、淀粉含量及其发芽势,研究了微型薯生理年龄对植株生物量、商品产量及总产量的影响。结果表明,微型薯经过贮藏,含水量逐渐下降,干物质含量上升,淀粉所占比重也有所提高,而含糖量在冷藏条件下上升,在常温条件下贮藏下降。在一定贮藏阶段内,随着时间的延长,微型薯的发芽势逐渐增强,达到一定时间后,发芽势又逐渐下降。生理年龄较老的微型薯播种后出苗快,植株分枝较多,易衰老;生理年龄较短的微型薯播种后出苗晚,主茎少,生长期长。在中原二季作地区由于适于马铃薯生长的气候条件较短,以生理年龄壮龄或较老的微型薯作为种子,结薯个数较多,薯重较大,产量高;而生理年龄较短的微型薯所结薯块个数少,重量较轻,产量低。The dry matter,sugar and starch content and germinating potential of minitubers of different physiological ages were analyzed,and effects of minituber physiological age on plant biomass,marketable yield,and total yield were studied.The content of dry matter and starch got high after a long storage period.The sugar got higher when it was stored at 2-4℃,and got lower when it was stored at normal temperature.The germinating potential first got higher and then declined with the extension of storage time.After planting,the physiologically older minitubers generated the plant with more stems and aging early,on the contrary,the physiological younger minitubers generated the plant with less stems and aging late.In the double cropping region of central China,cultivating with strong or a little bit older seed could get higher yield with more and bigger tubers,while cultivating with younger seeds could get lower yield with fewer and smaller tubers.

关 键 词：马铃薯 微型薯 生理年龄 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]