脊柱转移癌的认识与诊治  

Understanding,diagnosis and treatment of spinal metastatic carcinoma

作　　者：马卓[1] 吕智[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学第二医院骨科,太原030001

出　　处：《中国骨与关节杂志》2012年第2期185-189,共5页Chinese Journal of Bone and Joint

摘　　要：骨骼系统是恶性肿瘤最常见的转移部位之一，仅次于肝、肺之后居第三位，而脊柱为最多见的骨转移部位，约占骨转移的2／3。脊柱转移癌以胸腰椎多见，颈椎和骶椎则少见，发病年龄多为40～65岁。其中最易发生脊柱转移的肿瘤为乳腺癌、肺癌及前列腺癌。Skeletal system is one of the most common parts of the transfer of malignant tumors right after the liver and lung. Spine is the most common part of the transfer of bone malignant tumors, accounting for about 2/3 of bone metastases. Spinal metastatic carcinoma in thoracolumbar part is more common, while cervical vertebra and sacral vertebrae are rare. The age of onset is commonly 40-65 years old. One of the most vulnerable to the spine of the transfer of the tumor are breast cancer, lung cancer and prostate cancer. The most common symptom of patients with spinal metastatic carcinoma is back pain which often appears earlier for weeks or months than other neurologic symptoms. Along with the development of the technology of diagnosis, the early detection rate of spinal metastatic carcinoma has already had an obviously increase in almost recent 10 years and the progress of the surgical technique is significantly advanced to enhance the surgical treatment effect. The incidence of spinal metastatic carcinoma has also increased due to the rising level of comprehensive treatment of the primary tumors and life extension of patients with tumors. At present, the treatment for spinal metastatic carcinoma mainly has 3 methods, namely the surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The basic function of surgery and medicine therapy for spinal metastases is most likely to improve the quality of life of the patients. Once the diagnosis is established, the role of surgery or surgery together with other treatment is to reduce pain and improve or maintain spinal nerve function and restore the integrity of the structure of the spine. Therefore, it＇s necessary for clinicians to have a comprehensive understanding of the treatment and combine bone oncology, medical oncology, general medicine, X-ray, radiation therapy and neurology together to determine the treatment of spinal metastases. The purpose of this study is to describe the route of metastasis, diagnosis, preoperative evaluation and therapy of spinal metastatic carcinoma.

关 键 词：脊柱转移癌 诊治 转移部位 恶性肿瘤 骨骼系统 发病年龄 前列腺癌 骨转移 

分 类 号：R738.1[医药卫生—肿瘤]