城乡小学生传染病知识、行为和干预需求分析  

Knowledge,behavior and need for intervention on infectious diseases among town and country primary school students

作　　者：陈仁友[1,2] 张芙蓉[3] 尹爱田[1] 张少华[2] 孙桐[2] 康殿民[2] 柴燕[4] 胡俊峰[4] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学卫生管理与政策研究中心卫生部卫生经济与政策研究重点实验室,山东济南250012 [2]山东省疾病预防控制中心 [3]聊城市疾病预防控制中心 [4]中国健康教育中心

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2012年第5期661-663,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的了解山东省城乡小学生重点传染病知识、行为和干预方式需求情况,为进一步开展有针对性干预提供依据。方法采用多阶段整群抽样法,对山东省2个县区800名小学生进行问卷调查和行为观察。结果城市小学生肺结核、流行性感冒和流行性腮腺炎相关知识知晓率分别为55.5%、52.5%、38.8%,农村小学生分别为59.4%%、39.9%和39.4%;农村小学生饭前洗手、便后洗手、咳嗽等健康行为形成率分别为81.5%、77.8%、68.5%,城市小学生分别为72.5%、57.2%、54.0%;72.8%城市小学生和65.2%农村小学生希望通过医生获取知识,48.0%城市小学生和47.2%农村小学生希望通过教师获取知识。结论城乡小学生在重点传染病知识掌握程度方面均较低,农村小学生对于重点传染病知识知晓率和行为形成率方面好于城市。Objective To investigate the knowledge,behavior and the need for intervention on infectious diseases and to provide evidence for specific intervention. Methods Questionnaire survey and behavior observation were conducted among 800 pupils from a county and an urban district in Shandong province with multistage cluster sampling. Results The knowledge rates about tuberculosis,influenza,and mumps among the urban pupils were 55.5%,52.5%,and 38.8%and the rates among the rural pupils were 59.4%,39.9%,and 39.4%,respectively.The rates of washing hand before eating and after toiletuse,healthy manner in coughing and spitting among the rural pupils were 81.5% and 77.8%,and 68.5% and the rates among the urban pupils were 72.5% and 57.2%,and 54.0%,respectively.There were 72.8% of the urban pupils and 65.2% of the rural pupils expecting to know the knowledge through consulting the doctor and 48.0% of the rural pupils and 47.2% of the ruban pupils expecting to know the knowledge thorugh lectrues of the teachers. Conclusion The knowledge rates about infectionus disease among urban and rural pupils were relatively low.The rates of knowledge and related preventive behoviour among rural pupils were higher than those among urban pupils.

关 键 词：小学生 健康教育 知识 行为 干预方式 

分 类 号：G478[文化科学—教育学]