天津社区老年脑卒中患者现状调查  

Elderly cerebral stroke patients in communities of Tianjin

作　　者：吉凤[1] 刘首峰[1] 王惠[2] 刘雨[2] 徐小林[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津市环湖医院神经内科,300060 [2]天津市和平区白楼医院

出　　处：《中华老年心脑血管病杂志》2012年第5期503-506,共4页Chinese Journal of Geriatric Heart,Brain and Vessel Diseases

摘　　要：目的探讨社区脑卒中患者健康状况及脑卒中二级预防情况。方法由经过培训的天津市环湖医院神经科医师和天津市和平区白楼医院的内科医师,面对面地调查、体检和填表。调查内容包括年龄、性别、脑卒中时间、既往病史、吸烟、饮酒、嗜盐、锻炼、服药史。体检包括身高、体重、血压、ECG、空腹血糖、TG及TC。并进行统计学分析。结果社区脑卒中患者中,既往缺血性脑卒中患者占绝大多数(93.08%)。吸烟(5.38%)、饮酒(2.31%)不良嗜好的比例较低;平日锻炼者占25.77%;嗜盐比例较高(33.46%),超重比例40.77%,肥胖比例31.92%;长期规律服用拜阿司匹林10.77%,高脂血症患病率为31.54%;高血压患病率为79.23%,血压控制良好,基本符合高血压用药原则;糖尿病患病率为30.38%,大部分患者血糖控制良好。结论社区脑卒中患者中,缺血性脑卒中患者占绝大多数,高血压、糖尿病、冠心病和高脂血症患病率较高。通过规律用药,高血压、糖尿病控制较好,但饮食控盐较差。缺血性脑卒中二级预防中,抗血小板药物及他汀类药物应用率较低,还需要社会和医疗机构的宣教,提高患者健康水平和用药依从性。Objective To investigate the health of cerebral stroke patients and the prevention of cerebral stroke in communities of Tianjin.Methods Age,gender,onset time of cerebral stroke,anamnesis,history of smoking,alcohol drinking,halophilism and medications of the patients were investigated and recorded by neurologists in Tianjin Huanhu Hospital and physicians in Tianjin Bailou Hospital.Body height and weight,blood pressure and cardiac function of the patients,serum levels of fasting plasma glucose,triglyceride and total cholesterol in the patients were measured and analyzed.Results Of the patients,93.08% had a history of ischemic cerebral stroke,5.38% had a history of smoking,2.31% had a history of alcohol drinking,25.77% had a history of daily exercise,33.46% had a history halophilism,40.77% were overweighted,31.92% had obesity,10.77% regularly administed aspirin,31.54% had hyperlipidemia,79.23% had hypertension with their blood pressure well-controlled,30.38% had diabetes mellitus with their blood glucose level well-controlled.Conclusion The majority are ischemic cerebral stroke patients in communities of Tianjin with a high incidence of hypertension,diabetes mellitus,coronary heart disease and hyperlipidemia.Their hypertension and diabetes mellitus can be well-controlld by regular administration of drugs.However,salt in diets is poorly controlled,antiplatelet drugs and statins are rarely used in prevention of ischemic cerebral stroke,thus social and medical institutions should conduct propaganda and education in such patients in order to improve their health level and medication compliance.

关 键 词：卒中 高血压 糖尿病 冠心病 高脂血症 

分 类 号：R743.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]