视觉运动Simon效应和认知Simon效应的影响因素及机制  

The Influencing Factors and Mechanisms of the Visuomotor Simon Effect and Cognitive Simon Effect

作　　者：王力[1] 张栎文[1] 张明亮[1] 陈安涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学心理学院认知与人格教育部重点实验室,重庆400715

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2012年第5期662-671,共10页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31170980)的资助

摘　　要：Simon效应是指与反应要求无关的刺激位置和反应位置在同侧时,个体反应更快更准确的现象。对于Simon效应的产生机制,大多数研究者认为,在不同实验情境中获得的Simon效应有共同的产生机制。但是,越来越多的证据显示,在刺激形式、排列方式、刺激—反应规则以及反应方式等因素的影响下,存在两种不同性质的Simon效应,即视觉运动Simon效应和认知Simon效应。视觉运动Simon效应源于刺激位置自动激活其同侧反应所产生的影响,认知Simon效应源于转译生成的编码间的相互干扰,两者分别与背侧通路和腹侧通路的加工有关。The Simon effect refers to the phenomenon in which responses are faster and more accurate when the stimulus location and the location of the assigned response correspond than when they do not. Researching this effect is important to understand perception-action relations. In the domain of Simon effect, most researchers thought that a common mechanism was involved in the Simon effect which was obtained under different experimental conditions. However, There is a growing number of evidence demonstrating that there were two different kinds of Simon effect, namely, Visuomotor Simon effect and Cognitive Simon effect. These two types of Simon effect could be affected by the stimulus form, arrangement mode, response rule and response manner. The Visuomotor Simon effect was due to the spatial code of a stimulus activating a congruent response, while the Cognitive Simon effect originated from the interaction between the code represented the stimulus position and the code represented the response position. The ventral stream and the dorsal stream were thought to be related with the Cognitive Simon effect and Visuomotor Simon effect, respectively.

关 键 词：SIMON效应 反应时分布 单侧化准备电位 视觉运动Simon效应 认知Simon效应 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]