添加不同N源条件下典型除草剂对土壤呼吸和N_2O排放的影响  

Effects of Typical Herbicides on Soil Respiration and N_2O Emissions from Soil Added with Different Nitrogen Fertilizers

作　　者：孙青[1] 史淳星[1] 石坤[1] 言儒斌[1] 蒋静艳[1] 吴以中[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,南京210095

出　　处：《环境科学》2012年第6期1994-1999,共6页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40975091)

摘　　要：通过室内土壤培养实验,采用间歇密闭培养-气相色谱法研究了添加不同N源条件下我国典型旱地除草剂对农田土壤呼吸和N2O排放的影响.结果表明,在添加(NH4)2SO4氮源条件下,莠去津和百草枯对土壤呼吸和N2O排放无显著影响(P>0.05).草甘膦显著抑制了土壤呼吸(P<0.05),是对照的78.5%,N2O的排放无显著影响(P>0.05),仅表现为均值降低了20.1%.苯磺隆显著促进了土壤呼吸(P<0.05),是对照的1.1倍,对N2O排放也无显著影响(P>0.05).乙草胺显著促进了土壤呼吸和N2O的排放(P<0.05),分别是对照的1.1和1.5倍.在添加尿素的条件下,莠去津和乙草胺对土壤呼吸和N2O排放无显著影响(P>0.05).百草枯显著促进了N2O的排放(P<0.05),是对照的1.4倍,却对土壤呼吸无显著影响(P>0.05).草甘膦显著抑制了土壤呼吸(P<0.05),仅为对照的82.5%,对N2O的排放却无显著影响(P>0.05).苯磺隆显著促进了土壤呼吸和N2O的排放(P<0.05),其分别是对照的1.3和1.6倍.鉴于不同除草剂对不同微生物生理代谢影响的复杂性,其对温室气体的作用和影响还需长期田间试验研究.To investigate the effects of typical herbicides on soil respiration and N2O emissions from soil added with different nitrogen fertilizers,a laboratory incubation experiment was carried out using a modified gas chromatograph(Agilent 4890D) method.The results showed that with(NH4)2SO4 amendment,soil respiration and N2O emissions from the Atrazine and Paraquat treatments had no significant difference in comparison to the control(P>0.05).Glyphosate significantly inhibited soil respiration by 21.5%(P<0.05)and had no obvious influence on N2O emissions(P>0.05).Tribenuron-methyl significantly promoted soil respiration with the increase of 14.3%(P<0.05)and also had no obvious influence on N2O emissions(P>0.05).Acetochlor significantly increased soil respiration and N2O emissions(P<0.05)with the increase of 6.1% and 45.1%,respectively.With urea application,Atrazine and Acetochlor had no significant influence on soil respiration and N2O emissions(P>0.05).Paraquat increased N2O emissions significantly(P<0.05)with the increase of 43.5% and had no significant influence on soil respiration(P>0.05).Glyphosate significantly inhibited soil respiration by 17.5%(P<0.05),and had no significant influence on N2O emissions(P>0.05).Tribenuron-methyl enhanced soil respiration and N2O emissions significantly(P<0.05),and its soil respiration and N2O emissions were 1.3 and 1.6 times higher than those from the control.Due to the complexity of effects of different herbicides on microbial physiological metabolism,long-term in-situ studies need to be carried out to better understand the effect of various herbicides on greenhouse gas emissions.

关 键 词：除草剂 (NH4)2SO4 尿素 土壤呼吸 N2O 

分 类 号：X144[环境科学与工程—环境科学]