高压共轨柴油机高海拔(低气压)燃烧特性  

Combustion Characteristics of Common Rail Diesel Engine Under High Altitude(Low Pressure)Conditions

作　　者：周广猛[1,2] 刘瑞林[2] 董素荣[2] 李骏[3] 王威[2] 张众杰[2] 戈非[3] 

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学研究生院,湖北武汉430033 [2]军事交通学院汽车工程系,天津300161 [3]中国第一汽车集团公司技术中心,吉林长春130011

出　　处：《内燃机学报》2012年第3期220-226,共7页Transactions of Csice

基　　金：国防预研资助项目(40407030103)

摘　　要：利用内燃机高原环境模拟试验台,对经过高海拔标定后的高压共轨柴油机进行了外特性试验,重点研究了高原环境条件(0～5,km)对低速和高速燃烧特性的影响.结果表明:该柴油机在低速下平均指示压力、最高燃烧压力、最大压力升高率和放热率峰值均随海拔的增加而减小;海拔每升高1,km,上述燃烧参数分别平均降低6.83%、7.03%、4.00%和3.92%.低速下最高燃烧压力点、放热率峰值点和放热率重心随海拔基本保持不变,最大压力升高率点后移.高速下平均指示压力和放热率峰值随海拔的增加而减小,海拔每升高1,km,分别降低2.59%和2.00%;最高燃烧压力随海拔基本保持不变,最高燃烧温度随海拔的增加而增高;最高燃烧压力点、最高燃烧温度点和放热率峰值点以及放热率重心前移.在高海拔高速工况下发生了燃烧压力振荡,造成噪声和机械负荷增大.Full load characteristic of a common rail diesel engine after high altitude calibration was con- ducted via engine plateau environment simulating test bed. Effects of plateau ambient conditions （0-5 km） on low and high speed combustion characteristics were studied. Results show that the mean indicated ef- fective pressure, maximum combustion pressure, maximum rate of pressure rise and peak heat release rate decrease with increasing the altitude at low speed, decreasing by 6.83%, 7.03%, 4.00% and 3.92% averagely and respectively for every I km altitude increasing. With increasing the altitude at low speed, the crank angles corresponding to maximum combustion pressure, peak heat release rate and gravity center of heat release keep almost constantly and the crank angle of maximum rate of pressure rise is retarded. Mean in- dicated effective pressure and peak heat release rate decrease with increasing the altitude at high speed, and they decrease by 2.59% and 2.00% respectively for every 1 km altitude increasing. With increasing the alti- tude at high speed, maximum combustion pressure shows little variation, maximum combustion temperature is increased, the crank angles corresponding to maximum combustion pressure, maximum combustion temperature and peak heat release rate are advanced. Combustion pressure oscillates at high altitude and high speed, leading to the increase of noise and mechanical load.

关 键 词：高压共轨柴油机 高原环境模拟 燃烧过程 

分 类 号：TK421[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]