基于Ecopath模型的五里湖生态系统营养结构和能量流动研究  

Energy flow and trophic structure of the Wuli Lake ecosystem based on an ecopath model

作　　者：黄孝锋[1] 邴旭文[2,3] 陈家长[2,4] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学无锡渔业学院,江苏无锡214081 [2]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,江苏无锡214081 [3]农业部淡水渔业和种质资源利用重点实验室,江苏无锡214081 [4]内陆渔业生态环境和资源重点开放实验室,江苏无锡214081

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2012年第3期471-481,共11页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：农业部渔业种质资源保护项目(6115048);无锡市发改委项目(2115019)

摘　　要：根据2006年和2009年对五里湖渔业资源和生态环境调查数据,利用Ecopath with Ecosim软件,构建这两个时期五里湖生态系统能量通道模型,比较分析了实施净水渔业前后生态系统的结构和能量流动特征。模型包括大型、其他食鱼性鱼类、湖鲚、鲤、鲫、野杂鱼、鲢、草食性鱼类、大型虾蟹类、软体动物、其他底栖动物、浮游动物、沉水植物、其他维管植物、浮游植物、碎屑等17个功能组,基本覆盖了能量流动的途径。营养网络分析表明,增殖放养滤食性鱼类和贝类,扩大了五里湖生态系统的规模,增加了生态系统的发育程度和生态系统营养级ⅠⅡ的能量转换效率,滤食性生物与生态系统其他功能组生态位的重叠程度也有所增加。该系统各功能组间的联系加强且系统趋向稳定,但生态系统的物质流转速度和物质再循环的比例有所降低。We constructed mass-balance models for the Wuli Lake ecosystem for 2006 and 2009 using Ecopath model. Using these models, we compared changes in ecosystem structure and energy flow before and after im- plement of the Aquatic Environment Improve Oriented （AEIO） fishery in Wuli Lake. The models included 17 functional groups covering the main trophic flow of the Wuli Lake ecosystem. These functional groups included large culters, other piscivores, Tapertail anchovy, common carp, Crucian carp, Bighead carp, other wild miscella- neous fishes, Silver carp, herbivorous fishes, macrocrustaceans, molluscs, other benthos, zooplanktons, submerged macrophytes, other macrophytes, phytoplanktons, and detritus. The scale of the Wuli Lake ecosystem expanded following enhancement of biological filter-feeding fish and shellfish. The development degree of the ecosystem was increased, as was the efficiency of energy transfer between trophic level I and 1I. There was an expansion in niche overlap between filter-feeding fish and shellfish and the other functional groups. The relationship among the function groups strengthened between 2006 and 2009, but the ecosystem was at a developmental stage. The rate of material flow and material recycling has decreased.

关 键 词：五里湖 生态通道模型 生态系统结构 能量流动 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]