芝麻种子带菌检测及药剂消毒处理效果  

Test of seed-borne fungi and disinfection effects of fungicides on sesame

作　　者：赵辉[1] 倪云霞[1] 鲁晓阳[1] 刘红彦[1] 王鹏涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院植物保护研究所,农业部华北南部农作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,河南省农作物病虫害防治重点实验室,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2012年第2期206-209,共4页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系资金(CARS-15-1-05);农业部948项目(2010-C3)

摘　　要：采用吸水纸检测法对我国6个芝麻主产区的13个广泛栽培的芝麻品种进行了带菌检测,并测定了5种杀菌剂对芝麻种子的消毒效果。结果表明,芝麻种子外部携带的真菌主要类群包括镰孢属(Fusarium spp.)、棒孢属(Corynespora spp.)、长蠕孢属(Helminthosporium spp.)、壳球孢属(Macrophomina spp.)、链格孢属(Alternaria spp.)、曲霉属(Aspergillus spp.)和青霉属(Penicillium spp.),其中引起芝麻茎点枯病的壳球孢属分离频率和带菌率最高。种子内部携带的真菌类群主要包括镰孢属、棒孢属、壳球孢属和曲霉属等,引起芝麻叶枯病的棒孢属真菌分离频率和带菌率最高。供试的5种杀菌剂对芝麻种子均有一定的消毒效果,其中50%扑海因和80%多菌灵处理对芝麻种子消毒效果最显著。Seed-borne fungi of 13 sesame cultivars from 6 production regions in China were determined by means of blotter test.Results showed that Fusarium spp.,Corynespora spp.,Helminthosporium spp.,Macrophomina spp.,Alternaria spp.,Aspergillus spp.and Penicillium spp.were fungi isolated mainly from the seed surface.The dominant microflora of seed borne fungi was Macrophomina spp.While Fusarium spp.,Corynespora spp.,Macrophomina spp.and Aspergillus spp.were mainly internal seed-borne fungi,the dominant microflora was Corynespora spp.Seeds were subsequently disinfected with 5 fungicides.All of them showed good disinfection effects on seed-borne fungi,especially Iprodione（50%） and Carbendazim（80%）.

关 键 词：芝麻 种子带菌 消毒处理 

分 类 号：S435.653[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]