太阳辐射减弱麦田根际土壤酶与有效微量元素的相关性分析  

Correlative research on rhizosphere soil enzyme activities and available trace elements under reduced solar irradiance

作　　者：吴芳芳[1] 郑有飞[1] 吴荣军[1] 李萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学环境科学与工程学院,江苏大气环境监测与污染控制高技术研究重点实验室,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2012年第4期595-600,共6页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40775072);南京信息工程大学校基金项目(20090312)

摘　　要：由于大气气溶胶浓度增加地表太阳辐射减弱地球变暗。采用遮光网模拟太阳辐射减弱,设置60%、40%、20%、15%、0%的遮光递度,大田种植冬小麦,测定了冬小麦拔节期、孕穗期、抽穗期、灌浆期根际土壤过氧化氢酶、转化酶、脲酶的活性以及根际土壤Cu、Fe、Mn、Zn等有效微量元素的含量。采用相关性分析、通径分析和主成分分析等方法分析了太阳辐射减弱后土壤酶活性和土壤有效微量元素的相关性。结果显示,太阳辐射减弱,降低了小麦根际有效Fe、Zn和Mn的含量以及脲酶活性。有效Cu元素除了孕穗期有所增加外其它时期也均为降低。过氧化氢酶和转化酶的活性的变化没有明显规律性。太阳辐射减弱使得土壤过氧化氢酶活性与有效Fe、Zn极显著的正相关,脲酶与Zn也达显著水平。Zn和Fe对土壤酶的直接通径系数和间接通径系数都较大。太阳辐射减弱改变了土壤酶和微量元素在土壤肥力中的权重,最大肥力权重脲酶被过氧化氢酶所取代。结果表明,太阳辐射减弱影响了土壤根际有效微量元素含量和土壤酶的活性,提高了土壤酶和微量元素之间的相关性,反映土壤肥力微小变化的敏感土壤质量指标有一定的变化,脲酶的肥力权重降低,过氧化氢酶的肥力权重增加。The increasing of aerosol loading has resulted in obviously global dimming of solar light.In order to investigate the effects of reduced solar irradiance on rhizosphere soil enzyme activities and trace elements content,5 shading treatments were performed in the field.Each treatment was equivalent,but with solar irradiance at different concentration,i.e.100%,60%,40%,20% and 15% of total incident solar irradiation.Triticum aestivum L.（cv.Yang mai 13）as the test plants were completed in the Experimental Centre in Nanjing University of Information Science Technology.From reviving to mature stages,winter wheat were subjected to different radiant flux respectively.Rhizosphere soil enzyme activities of Catalase,Urease,Invertase and the soil available trace elements content of Cu,Fe,Mn,Zn were investigated,in the growing/development（G/D） periods including jointing,booting,heading,and filing stages.Rhizosphere soil enzyme and available trace elements of each treatment were assayed in triplicate.The data were initially compared by analysis of variance and differences between means were detected using the Duncans Multiple Range Tests.The correlation,path and principal component analysis were studied.Results indicated that the activities of Urease and content of Fe,Zn,Mn in rhizosphere soil were declined in all growing period under the reduced solar irradiance stress.Content of Cu were also declined except booting stage.Content of Cu and activities of Catalase,Invertase were varied in unobvious ways.Under the reduced solar irradiance stress,Catalase activities was varied significantly relative to content of Fe,Zn,and Urease activities was significantly relative to Zn content,both were positive.Soil enzymes have larger direct and indirect path coefficient to Fe Zn.Weighting coefficients of soil fertility on soil enzymes and trace elements were changed by lower radiant flux.Maximum fertility weight was Catalase,it replaced Urease.Taking together,there were the effects of reduced solar irradiance on rhizosphere soil enz

关 键 词：太阳辐射 微量元素 土壤酶活性 相关分析 通径分析 主成分分析 

分 类 号：X16[环境科学与工程—环境科学]